Psychrophiles and Psychrotrophs Adaptation to Low Temperatures
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Questions and Answers

Where do psychrophiles grow well?

  • At 20°C
  • At 35°C
  • At 0°C (correct)
  • At 25°C

    • What is a characteristic of psychrotrophs in terms of growth temperature?

  • Optimal growth between 55°C and 65°C
  • Optimal growth at 40°C
  • Growth maxima at 15°C
  • Can grow at 0°C (correct)

    • What is a characteristic of mesophiles in terms of growth temperature?

  • Growth maxima at 70°C
  • Optimal growth at 15°C (correct)
  • Growth minima around 45°C
  • Majority are responsible for food spoilage in refrigerators

    • Where would you most likely find thermophiles growing?

    <p>Hot springs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range for alkalophiles that grow best?

    <p>pH 8.5 to 11.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is buffering the culture medium important when dealing with sudden pH changes?

    <p>To prevent damage to the plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do autotrophs use as their sole source of carbon?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria derive their energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances?

    <p>Chemolithotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the dry weight of a bacterial cell is composed of nitrogen?

    <p>14%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inorganic ion stabilizes ribosomes, cell membranes, nucleic acids, and serves as a co-factor for enzymes?

    <p>Magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do chemoorganotrophs utilize for their carbon source?

    <p>Organic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria utilizes light as their source of energy?

    <p>Photoorganotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major focus of taxonomy in microbiology?

    <p>Organizing and classifying living things based on similarities and differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

    <p>DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of identification in microbiology?

    <p>Describing key features of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the exchange of genetic information among bacteria?

    <p>Replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria primarily concerned with?

    <p>Providing guidelines for naming microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In microbiology, what does the term 'biogenesis' refer to?

    <p>Theory that living organisms arise from preexisting life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major difference in the periplasm of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria?

    <p>Gram-negative bacteria have periplasm between the cell wall and outer membrane, while Gram-positive bacteria have periplasm between the cytoplasmic membrane and the cell wall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do periplasmic proteins play in bacterial cells?

    <p>Transport, degradation, and motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is unique to bacterial cell walls?

    <p>Peptidoglycan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Mycoplasma bacteria differ from other bacteria in terms of cell wall?

    <p>Mycoplasma bacteria have no cell wall and therefore have no definite shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the rigid structure of peptidoglycan provide for prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Shape, protection from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which compartment can free exchange of molecules occur in bacterial cells?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using chemical agents on living tissue and inanimate objects?

    <p>To control the growth of microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using hydrogen peroxide in healthcare and hospitals?

    <p>To reduce microbial population to safe levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may a single disinfection not be appropriate for all circumstances?

    <p>It may not eliminate all microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in selecting a disinfectant or antiseptic according to the text?

    <p>The nature of the material being disinfected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antiseptics differ from disinfectants based on their application?

    <p>Antiseptics are applied to kill disease-causing microorganisms on broken skins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to read the label on a disinfectant or antiseptic product?

    <p>To understand its effectiveness against specific microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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