Sites of Drug Action
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following drugs inhibits the synthesis of neurotransmitters?

  • Black widow spider venom
  • PCPA
  • Apomorphine
  • Reserpine (correct)

    • Which drug stimulates autoreceptors and inhibits the synthesis or release of neurotransmitters?

  • PCPA
  • Reserpine
  • Apomorphine (correct)
  • Black widow spider venom

    • What is the neurotransmitter that is stimulated by the drug black widow spider venom?

  • Norepinephrine
  • Serotonin
  • Dopamine
  • ACh (correct)

    • Which drug inhibits the release of neurotransmitters?

    <p>Botulinum toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug stimulates postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Nicotine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug blocks postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Curare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug blocks autoreceptors and increases the synthesis or release of neurotransmitters?

    <p>Idazoxan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug blocks reuptake of neurotransmitters?

    <p>Cocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug inactivates acetylcholinesterase?

    <p>Physostigmine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs acts as an antagonist?

    <p>Curare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines psychopharmacology?

    <p>The study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are drugs?

    <p>Exogenous chemicals that significantly alter the functions of certain cells of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pharmacokinetics?

    <p>The fate of a drug as it is absorbed into the body, circulates throughout the body, and reaches its sites of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a route of drug administration?

    <p>Intracerebrally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs easily pass through the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Lipid-soluble drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to drugs in the body?

    <p>Some are deactivated by enzymes and others are excreted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the dose-response curve represent?

    <p>A drug's effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do people discover throughout history?

    <p>Plants and animals that produce chemicals that act on the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of psychopharmacology?

    <p>The effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are exogenous chemicals?

    <p>Chemicals that are not necessary for normal cellular functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs facilitate the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell?

    <p>Agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcium ions in synaptic activity?

    <p>They initiate the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause tolerance to a drug?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between agonists and antagonists?

    <p>Agonists facilitate the effects of a neurotransmitter, while antagonists inhibit the effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of a drug's safety?

    <p>The difference between doses that produce desirable effects and toxic side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transporter molecules in synaptic activity?

    <p>They reuptake neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two general categories of drugs that affect synaptic transmission?

    <p>Agonists and antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause liver damage when large doses of drugs are taken for an extended period of time?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics of the drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of autoreceptors in synaptic activity?

    <p>They regulate the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in synaptic activity?

    <p>They destroy neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Mr. F's symptoms after consuming the asparagus?

    <p>He had trouble with his vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Mr. F. do after realizing that the asparagus smelled funny?

    <p>He rinsed it under water and threw it away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Mr. F. decide to go to the hospital?

    <p>He was seeing double</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct definition of a drug?

    <p>A chemical that has a therapeutic effect on a disease or its symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term 'exogenous' in the context of drugs?

    <p>Produced from outside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a drug according to the definition provided?

    <p>Neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the qualification that drugs are effective in low doses?

    <p>Large quantities of any substance can alter the functions of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug attaches to alternative binding sites and prevents the ion channel from opening?

    <p>Indirect antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate effect of an indirect antagonist?

    <p>Decrease the release of neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of presynaptic heteroreceptors that produce presynaptic inhibition?

    <p>Inhibit the release of the neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of drugs that bind with and activate dendritic autoreceptors?

    <p>Decrease neural firing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug binds with a receptor but does not activate it, preventing the natural ligand from binding with the receptor?

    <p>Direct antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when molecules of the neurotransmitter are taken back into the terminal button?

    <p>Reuptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step necessary for synaptic transmission?

    <p>Activation of dendritic autoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug attaches to a binding site on a receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor?

    <p>Indirect antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of autoreceptors in synaptic activity?

    <p>They regulate the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of psychopharmacology?

    <p>To investigate the operations of the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of a drug's safety?

    <p>The difference between doses that produce desirable effects and those that produce toxic side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs easily pass through the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Lipid-soluble drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs prevent the release of neurotransmitters from the terminal button?

    <p>Drugs that deactivate the proteins that cause docked synaptic vesicles to fuse with the presynaptic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a drug binds with postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>The ion channels controlled by the receptors open and produce postsynaptic potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of receptor blockers or direct antagonists?

    <p>They prevent the neurotransmitter from opening the ion channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transporter molecules in synaptic activity?

    <p>They pump molecules of the neurotransmitter across the membrane, filling the vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Mr. F's symptoms after consuming the asparagus?

    <p>He had difficulty swallowing and his voice became weak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Mr. F. do after realizing that the asparagus smelled funny?

    <p>He rinsed his mouth and tongue with water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate effect of an indirect antagonist?

    <p>It blocks the receptor and prevents the neurotransmitter from binding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a role of drugs in synaptic transmission?

    <p>Stimulating autoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs prevent the release of neurotransmitters from the terminal button?

    <p>Antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of receptor blockers or direct antagonists?

    <p>To block postsynaptic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of drugs that bind with and activate dendritic autoreceptors?

    <p>Inhibition of synthesis/release of neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for drugs that act on the nervous system and are produced by plants and animals?

    <p>Exogenous drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for drugs that oppose or inhibit the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell?

    <p>Antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for drugs that facilitate the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell?

    <p>Agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rate of synthesis and release of a neurotransmitter being increased when a precursor is administered?

    <p>Precursor effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about noncompetitive binding?

    <p>It occurs when a molecule binds with an alternative site and does not compete with molecules of the neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate effect of an indirect agonist?

    <p>It facilitates the release of the neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of presynaptic heteroreceptors in synaptic activity?

    <p>They regulate the amount of neurotransmitter released</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when drugs bind with and activate dendritic autoreceptors?

    <p>They decrease neural firing by producing hyperpolarizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct definition of a drug?

    <p>An exogenous chemical not necessary for normal cellular functioning that significantly alters the functions of certain cells of the body when taken in relatively low doses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a drug according to the definition provided?

    <p>Neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of transporter molecules in synaptic activity?

    <p>To take molecules of the neurotransmitter back into the terminal button</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between agonists and antagonists?

    <p>Agonists bind with a receptor and activate it, mimicking the effects of the natural ligand. Antagonists bind with a receptor but do not activate it, preventing the natural ligand from binding with the receptor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs blocks the enzyme responsible for the destruction of acetylcholine?

    <p>A drug that inactivates the enzyme that normally destroys acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs blocks the storage of neurotransmitter in synaptic vesicles?

    <p>A drug that prevents the storage of neurotransmitter in synaptic vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs stimulates the release of neurotransmitter?

    <p>A drug that stimulates the release of neurotransmitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs retards reuptake of neurotransmitters?

    <p>A drug that blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

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