Questions and Answers
The branch of psychology that is focused on understanding the internal physical events and processes that correspond with our experiences and behavior is called?
biological psychology
The branch of science that is concerned with the study of the nervous system, especially the brain, is called?
neuroscience
The cell body of a neuron provides what needed for the neuron to function?
energy
The amount of information that a neuron can receive increases with the number of ___ that the neuron has.
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The multiple short fibers that extend from a neuron's cell body and receive information from other neurons or from sensory receptor cells are called?
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Which part of the neuron receives messages from other neurons?
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The part of the neuron that carries messages to other cells in the body is the?
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The primary function of the myelin sheath is to?
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Compared to neurons that do not have myelin, neurons with myelin can communicate how much faster?
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As a general rule, communication within a neuron progresses from?
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The electrical charge of the neuron when it is in the resting potential state is about?
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The fastest neurons in the human body communicate their messages at speeds up to?
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How are the action potentials different in a myelinated axon and an unmyelinated axon?
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The point of communication between two neurons is called the?
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Which of the following neurotransmitters is implicated in Alzheimer's disease?
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Miguel jogs about five miles a day. At roughly the three-mile point, Miguel usually experiences a rush of positive feelings due to ___ levels of ___.
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Which of the following drugs mimics the neurotransmitter acetylcholine?
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The two main divisions of the nervous system are the ____ and the ___.
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In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the?
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The two main subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system are the ___ nervous system and the ___ nervous system.
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As you are walking on a beach, you pick up an odd-looking seashell that has a very rough texture. As you rub your fingers over the shell, the sensory messages are communicated via the ___ nervous system to the central nervous system.
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While taking this test, you probably have paid a little attention to ongoing body functions, such as breathing, heartbeat, and digestion. Such involuntary bodily functions are governed by the?
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Maria heard a strange banging noise just outside her bedroom window in the middle of the night. She froze in fear, and her heart began to pound. Maria's heightened physical arousal involved the activation of which subdivision of the nervous system?
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The autonomic nervous system is composed of two different branches called the __ and ___ nervous systems.
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Which subdivision of the nervous system helped calm down and restore Paul's body functioning back to normal?
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In general, the sympathetic nervous system ___, while the parasympathetic nervous system ___.
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Study Notes
Biological Psychology and Neuroscience
- Biological psychology studies the internal physical events and processes related to behavior and experiences.
- Neuroscience focuses on the nervous system, particularly the brain.
Neuron Structure and Function
- Neuron's cell body provides necessary energy for its operations.
- Increased dendrites and their branches allow neurons to receive more information.
- Dendrites are short fibers that receive messages from other neurons and sensory receptors.
- Messages are received by dendrites, processed in the cell body, and sent out through the axon.
Myelin and Neuron Communication
- The myelin sheath insulates axons, significantly speeding up message transmission.
- Neurons with myelin can communicate up to 20 times faster than those without.
- In myelinated axons, action potentials jump from node to node, enhancing speed.
Synapse and Neurotransmitters
- Synapse is the communication point between two neurons.
- Acetylcholine is associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
- Nicotine mimics acetylcholine, influencing neurological responses.
Nervous System Divisions
- The nervous system is divided into the peripheral and central nervous systems.
- Central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
- The peripheral nervous system is further divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
Somatic and Autonomic Functions
- The somatic nervous system conveys sensory messages to the central nervous system.
- The autonomic nervous system manages involuntary body functions like heartbeat and digestion.
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
- The sympathetic nervous system activates the body's fight-or-flight response, causing physical arousal.
- The parasympathetic nervous system calms the body and conserves energy after stress.
- Overall, sympathetic nervous system mobilizes bodily resources, while parasympathetic maintains stability.
Psychological Effects
- Increased endorphin levels during exercise can lead to feelings of euphoria.
- Physical reactions, like increased heart rate from fear, illustrate the sympathetic nervous system's role.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts in psychology with these flashcards. This quiz focuses on biological psychology and neuroscience, exploring the fundamental aspects of the nervous system and brain structure. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of psychological principles.
