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Questions and Answers
What is the primary motivation behind altruism?
Which theory suggests that people help others because they expect rewards or reciprocity?
What is the term for the ability to understand and share others' feelings?
What is a potential benefit of engaging in prosocial behavior?
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What is an example of prosocial behavior?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of prosocial behavior?
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What is the term for the voluntary actions intended to benefit others?
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According to Kin Selection Theory, why do people help genetic relatives?
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Study Notes
Definition and Types of Prosocial Behavior
- Prosocial behavior: voluntary actions intended to benefit others, such as helping, sharing, and cooperating
- Altruism: prosocial behavior motivated by a desire to benefit others, without expecting rewards or recognition
Theories of Prosocial Behavior
- Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis: people help others because they empathize with their feelings and experience personal distress
- Social Exchange Theory: people help others because they expect rewards or reciprocity
- Kin Selection Theory: people help genetic relatives because it increases the chances of their genes being passed on
Factors Influencing Prosocial Behavior
- Empathy: the ability to understand and share others' feelings
- Mood: positive mood increases prosocial behavior, while negative mood decreases it
- Social norms: people are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior if they perceive it as a social norm
- Religion: religious beliefs and values can promote prosocial behavior
Benefits of Prosocial Behavior
- Increased well-being: engaging in prosocial behavior can increase feelings of happiness and life satisfaction
- Improved relationships: prosocial behavior can strengthen social bonds and build stronger relationships
- Better physical health: studies have found a link between prosocial behavior and improved physical health
Examples of Prosocial Behavior
- Volunteering: donating time and effort to help others, such as at a soup kitchen or animal shelter
- Donating to charity: giving money or goods to organizations that help others
- Helping others in need: assisting someone in distress, such as giving directions or lending a helping hand
Definition and Types of Prosocial Behavior
- Prosocial behavior refers to voluntary actions intended to benefit others, encompassing helping, sharing, and cooperating
- Altruism is a type of prosocial behavior motivated by a desire to benefit others without expectation of rewards or recognition
Theories of Prosocial Behavior
- Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis: people engage in prosocial behavior because they empathize with others' feelings and experience personal distress
- Social Exchange Theory: people help others because they anticipate rewards or reciprocity
- Kin Selection Theory: people help genetic relatives, increasing the chances of their genes being passed on
Factors Influencing Prosocial Behavior
- Empathy enables understanding and sharing of others' feelings, promoting prosocial behavior
- Positive mood increases prosocial behavior, while negative mood decreases it
- Social norms influence prosocial behavior, with people more likely to engage in it if they perceive it as a norm
- Religious beliefs and values can foster prosocial behavior
Benefits of Prosocial Behavior
- Engaging in prosocial behavior increases feelings of happiness and life satisfaction, leading to improved well-being
- Prosocial behavior strengthens social bonds and builds stronger relationships
- It has been linked to improved physical health
Examples of Prosocial Behavior
- Volunteering involves donating time and effort to help others, such as at a soup kitchen or animal shelter
- Donating to charity involves giving money or goods to organizations that help others
- Helping others in need involves assisting someone in distress, such as giving directions or lending a helping hand
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Description
Explore the definition and types of prosocial behavior, including altruism, and learn about the theories behind it, such as Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis and Social Exchange Theory.
