Podcast
Questions and Answers
What main concept do psychologists of the evolutionary perspective focus on regarding behavior?
What main concept do psychologists of the evolutionary perspective focus on regarding behavior?
- Cultural influences on behavior
- Natural selection and survival traits (correct)
- Innate biological drives
- Social norms and expectations
How might a social-cultural psychologist explain differing behavioral norms across cultures?
How might a social-cultural psychologist explain differing behavioral norms across cultures?
- They are the result of individual learning experiences
- They are inherent psychological traits
- They are shaped by cultural contexts and expectations (correct)
- They stem from biological predispositions
What would a psychoanalytic perspective likely focus on to understand Stewie’s desire to harm his mother?
What would a psychoanalytic perspective likely focus on to understand Stewie’s desire to harm his mother?
- Cultural norms surrounding familial relationships
- Biological factors affecting his mental state
- Behavioral reinforcement from peers
- Unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences (correct)
Which contemporary perspective would analyze the desire to kill from a neuroscience standpoint?
Which contemporary perspective would analyze the desire to kill from a neuroscience standpoint?
What does the behavioral perspective emphasize when evaluating human actions?
What does the behavioral perspective emphasize when evaluating human actions?
Which perspective focuses primarily on observable behaviors?
Which perspective focuses primarily on observable behaviors?
Which perspective explains behavior strictly in terms of biological processes?
Which perspective explains behavior strictly in terms of biological processes?
According to the Cognitive Perspective, what is crucial to understanding behavior?
According to the Cognitive Perspective, what is crucial to understanding behavior?
Which psychological perspective was developed primarily by Sigmund Freud?
Which psychological perspective was developed primarily by Sigmund Freud?
What aspect of behavior would a behaviorist focus on when addressing nail-biting?
What aspect of behavior would a behaviorist focus on when addressing nail-biting?
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Study Notes
Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Developed by Sigmund Freud
- Focuses on unconscious processes
- Theories are not based on experimental evidence
- Key figures: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Karen Horney, and Alfred Adler
Behavioral Perspective
- Focuses on observable behavior
- Claims heredity and genetics are unimportant
- Emphasizes punishments and rewards
- Key figures: Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Albert Bandura
Humanist Perspective
- Emerged as a reaction to behaviorism
- Revisits the importance of consciousness
- Focus on self-actualization and personal growth
- Key figures: Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
Cognitive Perspective
- Focuses on mental processes: interpretation, processing, and remembering
- Examines how our mental rules shape our thoughts and behavior
- Key figures: Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky
Biopsychology Perspective
- Aims to explain thought and behavior through biological processes
- Focus on genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters in the brain
Social-Cultural Perspective
- Examines how culture influences thoughts and behaviors
- Identifies variations between cultures
- Key figures: Solomon Asch, Stanley Milgram, and Philip Zimbardo
Evolutionary Perspective
- Suggests all behavior reflects the process of natural selection
- Claims psychological traits beneficial for survival are passed on
- Key figures: Charles Darwin and Sir Francis Galton
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