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Questions and Answers
What main concept do psychologists of the evolutionary perspective focus on regarding behavior?
How might a social-cultural psychologist explain differing behavioral norms across cultures?
What would a psychoanalytic perspective likely focus on to understand Stewie’s desire to harm his mother?
Which contemporary perspective would analyze the desire to kill from a neuroscience standpoint?
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What does the behavioral perspective emphasize when evaluating human actions?
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Which perspective focuses primarily on observable behaviors?
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Which perspective explains behavior strictly in terms of biological processes?
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According to the Cognitive Perspective, what is crucial to understanding behavior?
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Which psychological perspective was developed primarily by Sigmund Freud?
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What aspect of behavior would a behaviorist focus on when addressing nail-biting?
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Study Notes
Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Developed by Sigmund Freud
- Focuses on unconscious processes
- Theories are not based on experimental evidence
- Key figures: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Karen Horney, and Alfred Adler
Behavioral Perspective
- Focuses on observable behavior
- Claims heredity and genetics are unimportant
- Emphasizes punishments and rewards
- Key figures: Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Albert Bandura
Humanist Perspective
- Emerged as a reaction to behaviorism
- Revisits the importance of consciousness
- Focus on self-actualization and personal growth
- Key figures: Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
Cognitive Perspective
- Focuses on mental processes: interpretation, processing, and remembering
- Examines how our mental rules shape our thoughts and behavior
- Key figures: Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky
Biopsychology Perspective
- Aims to explain thought and behavior through biological processes
- Focus on genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters in the brain
Social-Cultural Perspective
- Examines how culture influences thoughts and behaviors
- Identifies variations between cultures
- Key figures: Solomon Asch, Stanley Milgram, and Philip Zimbardo
Evolutionary Perspective
- Suggests all behavior reflects the process of natural selection
- Claims psychological traits beneficial for survival are passed on
- Key figures: Charles Darwin and Sir Francis Galton
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Description
This quiz explores five major perspectives in psychology: Psychoanalytic, Behavioral, Humanist, Cognitive, and Biopsychology. Each perspective highlights different approaches to understanding human thought and behavior along with key figures associated with each theory. Test your knowledge on these foundational concepts of psychology.
