Podcast
Questions and Answers
Most people are considered to be WEIRD in the context of understanding human psychology.
Most people are considered to be WEIRD in the context of understanding human psychology.
False (B)
Participants from industrialized societies are noted for their willingness to divide money equally in experiments.
Participants from industrialized societies are noted for their willingness to divide money equally in experiments.
True (A)
People from non-industrialized societies behave similarly to those from industrialized societies in economic decision-making.
People from non-industrialized societies behave similarly to those from industrialized societies in economic decision-making.
False (B)
The article suggests that researchers should prioritize studies involving diverse subject pools.
The article suggests that researchers should prioritize studies involving diverse subject pools.
The findings from one population are assumed to apply universally across all human populations.
The findings from one population are assumed to apply universally across all human populations.
The focus on a single demographic in psychological research is viewed positively in the article.
The focus on a single demographic in psychological research is viewed positively in the article.
The authors suggest that editors and reviewers should encourage empirical support for generalizations in studies.
The authors suggest that editors and reviewers should encourage empirical support for generalizations in studies.
Cross-disciplinary research is discouraged according to the suggestions made in the article.
Cross-disciplinary research is discouraged according to the suggestions made in the article.
People from WEIRD societies are considered to be some of the most psychologically typical individuals on Earth.
People from WEIRD societies are considered to be some of the most psychologically typical individuals on Earth.
The majority of psychological studies utilize participants from WEIRD societies.
The majority of psychological studies utilize participants from WEIRD societies.
Anthropologists recommend using only one carefully chosen population to test theories of universality.
Anthropologists recommend using only one carefully chosen population to test theories of universality.
Americans tend to use analytical thinking more than Europeans.
Americans tend to use analytical thinking more than Europeans.
A major goal for researchers is to differentiate between variable and universal aspects of human behavior.
A major goal for researchers is to differentiate between variable and universal aspects of human behavior.
Asians are more likely to reason analytically compared to Europeans.
Asians are more likely to reason analytically compared to Europeans.
American undergraduates are considered to have typical responses in psychological studies.
American undergraduates are considered to have typical responses in psychological studies.
The findings of psychological studies are largely applicable to diverse populations worldwide.
The findings of psychological studies are largely applicable to diverse populations worldwide.
Economists develop theories of decision-making by integrating insights from psychology.
Economists develop theories of decision-making by integrating insights from psychology.
Americans and Canadians utilize more analytical reasoning strategies compared to non-Westerners.
Americans and Canadians utilize more analytical reasoning strategies compared to non-Westerners.
Limited counting systems in certain societies provide a robust test for theories in numerical cognition.
Limited counting systems in certain societies provide a robust test for theories in numerical cognition.
Research shows that populations exhibit consistent biases and patterns in economic decisions.
Research shows that populations exhibit consistent biases and patterns in economic decisions.
In recent studies, 96% of psychology journals reported a diversity of participant backgrounds.
In recent studies, 96% of psychology journals reported a diversity of participant backgrounds.
The Piraha people have a counting system that allows for numerals above three.
The Piraha people have a counting system that allows for numerals above three.
The ultimatum game is an example of a one-shot economic experiment used in research.
The ultimatum game is an example of a one-shot economic experiment used in research.
Research often acknowledges the limited generalizability of its findings across different populations.
Research often acknowledges the limited generalizability of its findings across different populations.
There is no significant variation in fairness and equality behaviors among different populations.
There is no significant variation in fairness and equality behaviors among different populations.
Diverse populations influence the way motivational processes and cognitive abilities are developed.
Diverse populations influence the way motivational processes and cognitive abilities are developed.
Research on economic decisions does not incorporate social science methods.
Research on economic decisions does not incorporate social science methods.
The majority of the world’s population resides in Western industrialized countries.
The majority of the world’s population resides in Western industrialized countries.
Joseph Henrich is affiliated with the University of British Columbia.
Joseph Henrich is affiliated with the University of British Columbia.
Interdisciplinary, international research networks are deemed essential for behavioral scientists.
Interdisciplinary, international research networks are deemed essential for behavioral scientists.
Study participants using extensive counting systems are less capable than others at approximating quantities.
Study participants using extensive counting systems are less capable than others at approximating quantities.
Recognizing human diversity hinders the pursuit of understanding human nature.
Recognizing human diversity hinders the pursuit of understanding human nature.
Flashcards
Universal Psychology Assumption
Universal Psychology Assumption
A common assumption in psychology research that findings from one population apply to all people regardless of their cultural background.
Small-Scale, Non-Market Societies
Small-Scale, Non-Market Societies
A type of society characterized by small-scale, self-sufficient communities often engaged in foraging or horticulture.
WEIRD Sampling Bias
WEIRD Sampling Bias
In psychology research, this refers to the practice of focusing on participants from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies.
Limits of Generalization
Limits of Generalization
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Ultimatum Game
Ultimatum Game
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Cultural Variation in Economic Behavior
Cultural Variation in Economic Behavior
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WEIRD Sample
WEIRD Sample
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Importance of Diverse Samples
Importance of Diverse Samples
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Diverse Population
Diverse Population
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Cultural Variation in Cognitive Processes
Cultural Variation in Cognitive Processes
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Cultural Psychology
Cultural Psychology
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Interdisciplinary Research
Interdisciplinary Research
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WEIRD Societies
WEIRD Societies
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WEIRD Bias
WEIRD Bias
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Non-WEIRD Participants
Non-WEIRD Participants
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Tough Test Populations
Tough Test Populations
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Numerical Cognition
Numerical Cognition
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Universal vs. Variable Aspects
Universal vs. Variable Aspects
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Diversity in Research
Diversity in Research
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Evaluating Generalizability
Evaluating Generalizability
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Cultural Differences in Thinking
Cultural Differences in Thinking
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Study Notes
Most People Are Not WEIRD
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Behavioral scientists often assume universal cognitive processes, but new evidence suggests significant cross-cultural variability.
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WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) societies, particularly American undergraduates, are not representative of the global population.
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Studies on visual perception, analytical reasoning, fairness, cooperation, memory, and even IQ show considerable variation across cultures.
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Westerners tend to use analytic reasoning more than people from other cultures, who often use holistic reasoning.
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Economic experiments (e.g., ultimatum game) show different responses across cultures regarding cooperation and fairness. Cultures vary in their willingness to make equal offers and punish low offers.
Costly Generalizations
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Relying on WEIRD populations in studies may lead to inaccurate generalizations about human psychology and behavior.
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Researchers should consider broader populations and diverse cultures to develop more comprehensive theories.
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Researchers should promote cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural research. Agencies should reward such research.
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Suggesting low-cost alternatives (e.g., focusing on a few non-WEIRD societies to test the universality of certain concepts).
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A primary aim is to establish principles distinguishing universal and variable aspects of psychology. This requires interdisciplinary collaboration.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) societies in psychology. It examines how these populations influence research outcomes and the implications for generalizing findings across diverse human behaviors. Delve into the importance of including varied populations in psychological studies.
