Psychology of Disability

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Questions and Answers

What happens to mental health under conditions of low self-efficacy, even when environmental conditions are favorable?

It improves significantly

It becomes irrelevant

It remains unchanged

It suffers (correct)

What is the outcome for individuals with high self-efficacy beliefs following a stroke?

They become more pessimistic

They give up easily on therapy sessions

They experience more disability

They work harder at tasks and feel more confident about recovery (correct)

What affects the development of self-efficacy in an individual?

Environmental factors (correct)

Socioeconomic status

Genetic factors

Cultural background

What is psychological control similar to?

Self-efficacy beliefs Signup and view all the answers

What improves outcomes for individuals with physical disabilities and chronic illnesses?

Self-generated feelings of control Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a person's sense of control when they experience a disabling condition?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is critical for adaptive functioning in response to a disabling condition?

The person's response to the condition Signup and view all the answers

How do perceptions of control influence the experience of disabling environmental conditions?

They make them more stressful Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the section on psychological factors of disability?

The impact of psychological factors on how disability and disabling conditions are perceived and experienced Signup and view all the answers

What is the key assumption in this chapter regarding the environments and disability?

The physical and social environments are fundamentally important to the expression of disability Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of constructs used to describe one's psychological environment?

Personal resources, personality traits, and cognition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of self-efficacy beliefs?

A person's beliefs about their ability to accomplish a desired outcome Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of low self-efficacy beliefs?

Less effort is put into a task when there are difficulties Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cognition and disability according to the chapter?

Cognition has a direct and interactive effect on disability Signup and view all the answers

What are the three cognitive processes discussed in the chapter as interrelated and affecting disability?

Self-efficacy beliefs, psychological control, and coping patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is the influence of self-efficacy beliefs on a person's affective and emotional responses?

Self-efficacy beliefs affect both affective and emotional responses Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychological Factors of Disability

The psychological environment plays a crucial role in how disability and disabling conditions are perceived and experienced.
Personal resources, personality traits, and cognition are constructs that affect the expression of disability and an individual's ability to adapt to it.

Cognitive Processes

Cognition consists of thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and ways of viewing the world, others, and ourselves.
Three interrelated cognitive processes that influence disability are self-efficacy beliefs, psychological control, and coping patterns.

Self-Efficacy Beliefs

Self-efficacy beliefs concern whether a person believes they can accomplish a desired outcome.
Beliefs about one's abilities affect what a person chooses to do, how much effort is put into a task, and how long an individual will endure when there are difficulties.
Self-efficacy beliefs also affect a person's affective and emotional responses.
Under conditions of high self-efficacy, a person's outlook and mental health status will remain positive even under stressful and aversive situations.
Improved behavioral and functional outcomes are associated with efficacious conditions for individuals with and without disabling conditions.

Impact of Self-Efficacy Beliefs on Disability

Following a stroke, an individual with high self-efficacy beliefs will be more likely to feel and subsequently exert effort toward reducing the disability that could accompany any stroke-related impairment or functional limitation.
High self-efficacy beliefs lead to better functional outcomes and less disability due to increased effort and confidence in recovery and rehabilitation.

Psychological Control

Psychological control, or control beliefs, refers to thoughts, feelings, and beliefs regarding one's ability to exert control or change a situation.
Self-generated feelings of control improve outcomes for diverse groups of individuals with physical disabilities and chronic illnesses.
Perceptions of control influence whether disabling environmental conditions are seen as stressful and constraining.

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Description

This quiz explores the psychological factors that influence how disability and disabling conditions are perceived and experienced. It delves into the role of personal resources, personality traits, and cognition in adapting to disability.