Podcast
Questions and Answers
What happens to mental health under conditions of low self-efficacy, even when environmental conditions are favorable?
What happens to mental health under conditions of low self-efficacy, even when environmental conditions are favorable?
- It improves significantly
- It becomes irrelevant
- It remains unchanged
- It suffers (correct)
What is the outcome for individuals with high self-efficacy beliefs following a stroke?
What is the outcome for individuals with high self-efficacy beliefs following a stroke?
- They become more pessimistic
- They give up easily on therapy sessions
- They experience more disability
- They work harder at tasks and feel more confident about recovery (correct)
What affects the development of self-efficacy in an individual?
What affects the development of self-efficacy in an individual?
- Environmental factors (correct)
- Socioeconomic status
- Genetic factors
- Cultural background
What is psychological control similar to?
What is psychological control similar to?
What improves outcomes for individuals with physical disabilities and chronic illnesses?
What improves outcomes for individuals with physical disabilities and chronic illnesses?
What happens to a person's sense of control when they experience a disabling condition?
What happens to a person's sense of control when they experience a disabling condition?
What is critical for adaptive functioning in response to a disabling condition?
What is critical for adaptive functioning in response to a disabling condition?
How do perceptions of control influence the experience of disabling environmental conditions?
How do perceptions of control influence the experience of disabling environmental conditions?
What is the primary focus of the section on psychological factors of disability?
What is the primary focus of the section on psychological factors of disability?
What is the key assumption in this chapter regarding the environments and disability?
What is the key assumption in this chapter regarding the environments and disability?
What are some examples of constructs used to describe one's psychological environment?
What are some examples of constructs used to describe one's psychological environment?
What is the primary focus of self-efficacy beliefs?
What is the primary focus of self-efficacy beliefs?
What is a consequence of low self-efficacy beliefs?
What is a consequence of low self-efficacy beliefs?
What is the relationship between cognition and disability according to the chapter?
What is the relationship between cognition and disability according to the chapter?
What are the three cognitive processes discussed in the chapter as interrelated and affecting disability?
What are the three cognitive processes discussed in the chapter as interrelated and affecting disability?
What is the influence of self-efficacy beliefs on a person's affective and emotional responses?
What is the influence of self-efficacy beliefs on a person's affective and emotional responses?
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Study Notes
Psychological Factors of Disability
- The psychological environment plays a crucial role in how disability and disabling conditions are perceived and experienced.
- Personal resources, personality traits, and cognition are constructs that affect the expression of disability and an individual's ability to adapt to it.
Cognitive Processes
- Cognition consists of thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and ways of viewing the world, others, and ourselves.
- Three interrelated cognitive processes that influence disability are self-efficacy beliefs, psychological control, and coping patterns.
Self-Efficacy Beliefs
- Self-efficacy beliefs concern whether a person believes they can accomplish a desired outcome.
- Beliefs about one's abilities affect what a person chooses to do, how much effort is put into a task, and how long an individual will endure when there are difficulties.
- Self-efficacy beliefs also affect a person's affective and emotional responses.
- Under conditions of high self-efficacy, a person's outlook and mental health status will remain positive even under stressful and aversive situations.
- Improved behavioral and functional outcomes are associated with efficacious conditions for individuals with and without disabling conditions.
Impact of Self-Efficacy Beliefs on Disability
- Following a stroke, an individual with high self-efficacy beliefs will be more likely to feel and subsequently exert effort toward reducing the disability that could accompany any stroke-related impairment or functional limitation.
- High self-efficacy beliefs lead to better functional outcomes and less disability due to increased effort and confidence in recovery and rehabilitation.
Psychological Control
- Psychological control, or control beliefs, refers to thoughts, feelings, and beliefs regarding one's ability to exert control or change a situation.
- Self-generated feelings of control improve outcomes for diverse groups of individuals with physical disabilities and chronic illnesses.
- Perceptions of control influence whether disabling environmental conditions are seen as stressful and constraining.
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