Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term for the gradual formation of an association between the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) and Unconditioned Stimulus (US)?
What is the term for the gradual formation of an association between the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) and Unconditioned Stimulus (US)?
Extinction occurs when a conditioned response is strengthened after the repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus.
Extinction occurs when a conditioned response is strengthened after the repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus.
False
What is vicarious learning?
What is vicarious learning?
Learning by observing the consequences of someone else's actions.
A child learning to tie their shoes after watching their mother is an example of ________, while a child learning this after watching their sibling being rewarded is an example of ________.
A child learning to tie their shoes after watching their mother is an example of ________, while a child learning this after watching their sibling being rewarded is an example of ________.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which of the following best describes biological constraints in learning?
Which of the following best describes biological constraints in learning?
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Mirror neurons are not activated when observing actions performed by others.
Mirror neurons are not activated when observing actions performed by others.
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What happens during spontaneous recovery?
What happens during spontaneous recovery?
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Which of the following best describes positive reinforcement?
Which of the following best describes positive reinforcement?
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Negative punishment involves adding a thing or event to decrease behavior.
Negative punishment involves adding a thing or event to decrease behavior.
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What is the neutral stimulus (NS) in classical conditioning?
What is the neutral stimulus (NS) in classical conditioning?
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In operant conditioning, removing a thing or event to increase behavior is known as __________.
In operant conditioning, removing a thing or event to increase behavior is known as __________.
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What does the conditioned response (CR) refer to?
What does the conditioned response (CR) refer to?
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Match the following concepts with their definitions:
Match the following concepts with their definitions:
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What is the role of biological constraints in learning and behavior?
What is the role of biological constraints in learning and behavior?
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Operant conditioning suggests that more consistency leads to less change in behavior.
Operant conditioning suggests that more consistency leads to less change in behavior.
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What does the 'Bobo Doll' study illustrate?
What does the 'Bobo Doll' study illustrate?
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Habituation leads to increased response to repeated stimuli.
Habituation leads to increased response to repeated stimuli.
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What is biological preparedness in the context of learning?
What is biological preparedness in the context of learning?
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The process of associating two stimuli is known as ______.
The process of associating two stimuli is known as ______.
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Match the learning concepts with their correct definitions:
Match the learning concepts with their correct definitions:
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Which of the following describes the term 'modeling'?
Which of the following describes the term 'modeling'?
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Vicarious learning involves learning directly from personal experiences.
Vicarious learning involves learning directly from personal experiences.
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What happens during dishabituation?
What happens during dishabituation?
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Study Notes
Learning
- Learning is a relatively enduring change in behavior resulting from experience
- Learning is categorized into three main types: nonassociative, associative, and observational
Nonassociative Learning
- Involves changes in response to a single stimulus over time
- Habituation: Decrease in response after repeated exposure to a stimulus (e.g., getting used to noise in a daycare)
- Sensitization: Increased response after exposure to a stimulus, often threatening or painful (e.g., reacting strongly to a sibling's touch after being hit)
Associative Learning
- Involves making connections between two events
-
Classical Conditioning: Learning that one stimulus predicts another
- Unconditioned Stimulus (US): Naturally triggers a response
- Unconditioned Response (UR): Natural response to the US
- Neutral Stimulus: Initially doesn't trigger the UR but becomes a Conditioned Stimulus (CS) after learning
- Conditioned Stimulus (CS): Learned response to the CS
- Conditioned Response (CR): The learned response to the CS
-
Operant Conditioning: Learning that a behavior leads to a certain outcome
- Positive Reinforcement: Adding a stimulus to increase behavior
- Negative Reinforcement: Removing a stimulus to increase behavior
- Positive Punishment: Adding a stimulus to decrease behavior
- Negative Punishment: Removing a stimulus to decrease behavior
Observational Learning
- Learning by watching others
- Modeling: Imitating observed behavior
- Vicarious Learning: Learning the consequences of an action by observing others
- Mirror Neurons: Neurons that activate when observing or performing an action, playing a role in empathy and learning
Key Experiments/Concepts
- Little Albert Experiment: Demonstrates classical conditioning
- Bobo Doll Study: Illustrates observational learning
Biological Preparedness and Constraints
- Biological factors influence which associations are learned more easily, along with any limitations on learning imposed by biological factors.
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Description
Explore the different types of learning including nonassociative and associative learning. This quiz covers concepts such as habituation, sensitization, and classical conditioning, highlighting how behavior changes through experience. Test your understanding of these essential psychological theories.
