Psychology Goals and Constructs Quiz

It is alternative scientific constructs that each provide a useful view of the world.

They are mental procedures that categorize people and things and attribute personal meanings to events.

He laid a basis for social cognition and emphasized that meaning depends on the individual's perspective.

<p>It means there is no single truth or right way to think, encouraging multiple alternative explanations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggested that personality development is influenced by how we predict and interpret events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A treatment where a therapist helps a client embody an alternate personality for self-reconstruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is systematic, has strong testability, and its concepts can be comprehended and applied clinically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data is limited and diverse, testability is weak, and comprehension may falter without accepting its fundamentals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A construct is one's knowledge of the world that forms the basis of personality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least 3 elements are required, with 2 similar elements and 1 different element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves attempts to avoid anxiety and threat through protective devices like repression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A test used in therapy to understand a patient's perception of their world through role comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the existence of many non-overlapping constructs that shape perception and understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Someone who uses inconsistent information in forming impressions and perceives subtle differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Someone with rigid thinking who forms impressions based on consistent information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are accurate in predicting behavior, recognize differences, and demonstrate empathy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of superordinate, middle level, and subordinate constructs that influence each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They include verbal, preverbal, submerged, core, and peripheral constructs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We develop theories, test hypotheses, and remain open to change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As individuals grow, the complexity of their construct system increases, enhancing empathy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Range of convenience and focus of convenience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>She believed higher self-complexity serves as a buffer against stress and negative mood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A testable prediction can be made, allowing for a fundamental postulate to be upheld.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An individual must develop a new construct or expand the old one to make sense of new events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recognition of an event outside the range of convenience of one's construct system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a new construct appears for the first time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Awareness of imminent comprehensive change in one's core structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interplay between the desire to expand the construct system and the fear of disruption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This theory states that when people observe a model performing a behavior and the consequences of that behavior, they remember the sequence of events and use this information as a guide for their own behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A psychologist who expanded on the idea of social learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study conducted by Bandura and Walters to observe Adolescent Aggression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A book by Bandura that analyzed the role of cognitive, vicarious, self-regulatory, and self-reflective processes in psychosocial functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the theory which states that a person's behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A well-known psychologist specializing in personality theory and social psychology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An influential study written by Walter Mischel that highlighted issues in personality psychology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Competencies and skills, beliefs and expectations, goals, and evaluative standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Related to how an individual deals with challenges and adapts their thinking to changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are beliefs individuals hold about the world and expectations for their future.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How we perceive our capabilities in future situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outcome Expectations focus on rewards and punishments; Self-Efficacy Expectations focus on the capability to perform a behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perceptions of low self-efficacy are related to high anxiety arousal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low self-efficacy can lead to excessive self-blame and unrealistic goals, which may contribute to depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low self-efficacy may contribute to diminished performance and increased self-blame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An experiment by Bandura to observe children's aggression after witnessing a modeled aggressive behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of learning emotional reactions through observing others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When one views circumstances for behavior as taxing and exceeding resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Problem-focused coping attempts to alter the situation; Emotional-focused coping seeks to improve internal emotional states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An intervention designed to increase the ability to cope with stress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They studied individual responses to stress and developed the concepts of Primary and Secondary Appraisal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coping methods are influenced by personality traits such as optimism and pessimism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study to observe delayed gratification in children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modeling involves demonstrating desired activities with positive consequences to promote learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The development of mental representations based on external stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capacity to motivate oneself and regulate behaviors and emotions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combination of goals and feedback increases effortful performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a strong database, is testable, comprehensive, and applicable in therapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It lacks systematic integration and features overgeneralization among terms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A therapy by Albert Ellis focusing on beliefs about events rather than the events themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A: Activating event, B: Beliefs, C: Consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Automatic thoughts, dysfunctional assumptions, and negative self-statements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative views of the self, world, and future that contribute to depressive symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A therapy designed to identify and correct distorted beliefs and thoughts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environments designed to help individuals monitor and adjust negative automatic thoughts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative automatic responses and thoughts that lead to pessimism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By modeling success and providing assistance to enable learning new behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves various selves: ideal, actual, and ought, impacting feelings of sadness or anxiety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An explanation of the interconnected system within personality linked to cognition and emotion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personal standards fundamental to motivation and performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patterns of thought that organize concepts or categories of knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using reaction time measures to assess connections between traits and personality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motives biased towards positive self-perception, regardless of reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The desire for others to confirm one's self-perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organized in a specific hierarchy based on importance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Goals and feedback increase performance and motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers