Questions and Answers
What is the process where increases in stimulation decrease sensitivity while decreases in stimulation increase sensitivity?
Sensory adaptation
What occurs when sensory receptors change their sensitivity to the stimulus?
Sensory adaptation
What theory distinguishes sensory stimuli by taking into account not only the strengths of the stimuli but also elements such as the setting and mood?
Signal detection theory
Brightness is determined by what?
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Color or hue is determined by what?
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Long wavelengths are found at which end of the spectrum?
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Short wavelengths are found at which end of the spectrum?
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What refers to the purity of the color people perceive?
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What is the name of the clear watery fluid in the next visual layer of the eye?
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What is the change in the thickness of the lens as the eye focuses on objects that are far away or close called?
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What are the visual sensory receptors found at the back of the retina that are responsive to low levels of light?
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What part of the eye changes shape to bring objects into focus?
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What is the opening of the iris that changes size depending on the amount of light in the environment?
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What is the muscle that controls the size of the pupil?
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What protects the eye and bends light waves so that the image can be focused on the retina?
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What contains the photo receptor cells in the eye?
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What is the central area of the retina with the greatest density of photo receptors called?
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What sends visual information to the brain?
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What is the area where the optic nerve leaves the eye and has no photo receptor cells?
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What are the visual sensory receptors found at the back of the retina that are responsible for color vision and vision sharpness?
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What is the area in the retina where the axons of the three layers of retinal cells exit the eye to form the optic nerve called?
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Study Notes
Sensory Adaptation
- Increase in stimulation leads to decreased sensitivity; decrease in stimulation leads to increased sensitivity.
- Sensory receptors adjust their sensitivity based on the stimulus.
Signal Detection Theory
- Differentiates sensory stimuli by considering not just their strength but also factors like setting, physical state, mood, and attitude.
Vision and Light
- Brightness is determined by the amplitude of light waves.
- Color, or hue, is influenced by the length of the light wave.
- Long wavelengths correspond to the red end of the spectrum.
- Short wavelengths correspond to the blue end of the spectrum.
- Saturation indicates the purity of color perceived; highly saturated colors consist of single wavelengths, while less saturated colors contain mixtures.
Eye Structure and Function
- Aqueous humor is the clear, watery fluid in the next visual layer of the eye.
- Visual accommodation refers to changes in lens thickness for focusing on distant or close objects.
- Rods are found at the back of the retina and are sensitive to low light levels, responsible for black-and-white vision.
- The lens of the eye adjusts its shape to focus on objects.
- The pupil, an opening in the iris, changes size based on light levels in the environment.
- The iris is the muscle that controls pupil size.
- The cornea protects the eye and bends light to focus images on the retina.
- The retina contains photoreceptor cells that convert light into neural signals.
Specialized Areas in the Eye
- The fovea is the central area of the retina with the highest density of photoreceptors, providing sharp vision.
- The optic nerve transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
- The blind spot (optic disc) is the area where the optic nerve exits the eye and lacks photoreceptor cells.
- Cones are photoreceptors responsible for sharpness of vision and color detection, located primarily at the back of the retina.
Blind Spot
- The blind spot is an area in the retina where retinal cell axons exit to form the optic nerve, making it insensitive to light.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in sensory perception, including sensory adaptation, signal detection theory, and the mechanics of vision. Understand how sensory receptors adjust to stimuli and the factors affecting our perception of light and color. Test your knowledge on the structure and function of the eye and how we perceive the world around us.
