Psychology Chapter on Intelligence Theories

Gardner's theory proposes that intelligence is not a single general ability but a combination of multiple independent intelligences. Three examples include verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, and spatial-visual intelligence.

Fluid intelligence involves the ability to solve new problems and think abstractly, typically independent of past learning, and tends to decrease with age. Crystallized intelligence is the accumulation of knowledge and skills gained through experience and education, which generally increases with age.

The three components are analytical intelligence (problem-solving skills), creative intelligence (ability to deal with novel situations), and practical intelligence (ability to adapt to and manage everyday tasks).

<p>Emotional intelligence, according to Goleman, is the ability to identify, understand, manage, and utilize emotions effectively. The five main elements are self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Savant syndrome is a rare condition where individuals with certain developmental disorders exhibit extraordinary abilities in specific areas. A common skill observed in savants is remarkable memory or exceptional musical talent, often coupled with significant intellectual challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Savant syndrome is a condition where individuals with developmental disorders, such as autism, display extraordinary abilities in a specific area. An example skill is calendar calculation, where a savant can determine the day of the week for any given date.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotional intelligence (EQ) involves the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in oneself and others. Cognitive intelligence (IQ) focuses on intellectual abilities such as logic, reasoning, and problem-solving. EQ emphasizes social and emotional skills, while IQ emphasizes cognitive skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Flynn Effect refers to the observed rise in IQ scores over time across different populations, suggesting that environmental factors such as improved education, nutrition, and access to information may contribute to increases in intelligence test scores over generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standardized testing in IQ measurement provides a consistent and uniform way to assess intellectual abilities, allowing comparison across individuals. It involves pre-testing a representative sample to establish norms, which then allow scoring based on population averages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gardner's theory encourages educators to recognize and nurture various forms of intelligence, such as musical, spatial, or interpersonal skills, by using diverse teaching methods. This approach allows students to leverage their strengths and fosters a more inclusive and personalized learning experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An example of an environmental factor is access to quality education. Educational experiences can stimulate cognitive development and provide a supportive environment for intellectual growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thurstone believed intelligence is a cluster of seven independent mental abilities, while Spearman proposed a single general intelligence (g) that underlies all mental abilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers