Questions and Answers
Howard Gardner proposed a theory of _____
Sternberg's triarchic theory of successful intelligence includes analytic intelligence, creative intelligence, and _____.
If a test gives you the same score each time you take the test, that test would be _____.
Validity refers to the ability of a test to _____.
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The first IQ test to be widely used in the United States was the _____?
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A ten-year-old child with a mental age of seven would have an IQ score _____?
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Which of the following persons would be most likely to have similar IQ test scores?
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The general capacity to profit from experience, acquire knowledge, and adapt to changes in the environment is known as _____.
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Spearman believed that intelligence was composed of a general cognitive ability, which he called _____.
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Cattell proposed that there were two types of intelligence: one that referred to new knowledge and one that referred to accumulated knowledge. He called these _____.
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_____ is (are) the term used for developing specific procedures for administering and scoring a test, and establishing norms for the test scores in a given population.
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The first successful intelligence test was developed in_____ by _____.
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While working on a word problem, Jenae has an 'aha!' moment of sudden insight about how to solve the problem. If you were mapping her brain activity on an EEG at that moment, you would expect to observe a burst of activity in her:
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To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you could systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problem solving by means of:
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Pablo vainly searches for a screwdriver while failing to recognize that a readily available coin in his pocket would turn the screw. His oversight best illustrates:
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People are overconfident about how they will perform on various tasks.
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Advertisers know that a thirty-three percent discount sounds like a better deal than a discount of one third. This best illustrates:
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Maintaining one's conceptions even after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited is known as:
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Due to an automobile accident, Jenny suffered damage to her cerebral cortex in Broca's area. Jenny is most likely to experience:
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What part of the brain would a lesion most likely result in aphasia?
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In English, it is appropriate to refer to 'a pretty bird,' but not to 'a bird pretty.' This best illustrates the importance of:
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Using different words for two very similar objects enables people to recognize conceptual distinctions between the objects. This illustrates:
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Which language theorist is known for the theory of universal grammar?
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Study Notes
Intelligence Theories
- Howard Gardner's theory encompasses multiple intelligences, suggesting various forms of intelligence beyond classical definitions.
- Sternberg's triarchic theory includes analytic, creative, and practical intelligence, emphasizing real-world problem-solving abilities.
Test Characteristics
- A test is considered reliable if it yields the same score across multiple administrations.
- Validity indicates a test's effectiveness in measuring its intended target, distinguishing it from reliability.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Measurements
- The Stanford-Binet test was the first widely used IQ test in the United States.
- A ten-year-old child with a mental age of seven would have an IQ of 70, calculated as (mental age/chronological age) x 100.
Genetic Influences on Intelligence
- Identical twins raised together are most likely to exhibit similar IQ scores due to shared genetics and environment.
Key Concepts of Intelligence
- Intelligence is defined as the general capacity to learn from experience and adapt to changes.
- Spearman identified intelligence as a general cognitive ability labeled "g".
Types of Intelligence
- Cattell classified intelligence into fluid (new knowledge) and crystallized (accumulated knowledge) types.
Testing Procedures
- Standardization involves establishing procedures for administering tests and creating norms based on population scores.
Historical Insights
- The first successful intelligence test originated in France, developed by Binet.
Problem Solving
- An algorithm refers to a systematic procedure for finding a solution, as illustrated by searching every aisle in a grocery store.
- Functional fixedness describes the cognitive bias that limits a person to use an object only in the way it is traditionally used.
Cognitive Biases and Errors
- Overconfidence is a common trait, leading people to overestimate their performance on tasks.
- Framing affects decision-making; how options are presented (like discounts) can change perceptions of value.
Maintaining Beliefs
- Belief perseverance is the tendency to cling to one's beliefs despite contrary evidence.
Brain Function and Language
- Damage to Broca's area often results in aphasia, affecting language production.
- Wernicke's area is critical for language comprehension; lesions here can also lead to aphasia.
Language Structure
- Syntax pertains to the rules governing sentence structure, illustrated by acceptable phrases in English.
- Linguistic determinism posits that language shapes thought, influencing how distinctions between similar concepts are recognized.
Notable Theorists
- Noam Chomsky is a key figure in linguistics, known for his contributions to the understanding of language acquisition and structure.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts from Psychology Chapters 8 and 9, including theories of intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg. Test your understanding of multiple intelligences and successful intelligence frameworks through flashcard-style questions. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their knowledge in psychology.
