Questions and Answers
The ______________ regulates the body's internal functions and the way a person reacts to the world.
nervous system
The nervous system consists of two main parts: the ______________________ and the __________________________.
central nervous system, peripheral nervous system
Neurons are composed of three parts: the cell body, the axon, and the _________.
dendrite
The central nervous system consists of the ______ and the ___________.
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In addition to transmitting messages between the brain, the muscles, and the glands throughout the body, the spinal cord is involved in ______________.
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The autonomic nervous system controls the ___________ muscles and internal organs of the body, whereas the somatic nervous system controls the _________ muscles and the sense organs.
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The __________ nervous system prepares the body for dealing with emergencies; the ______________ nervous system helps the body calm down after dealing with an emergency.
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Heart rate and blood pressure are functions that are regulated by the section of the brain known as the __________.
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Vision and hearing are regulated by the section known as the _________.
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Complex processes such as emotions are regulated by the section known as the __________.
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The cerebrum includes the _______________, which is the part of the brain that is involved with thinking, language, memory, and perceptions.
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The _______________ is the structure in the brain that connects the two hemispheres of the brain and aids in getting information from one side of the brain to the other.
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Researchers study the brain by using imaging techniques such as the _________, which provides a three-dimensional view of the brain.
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Psychologists concerned with the biology of behavior study the ________ system because this body system consists of glands that secrete substances called ________, which help to stimulate body functions and affect behavior.
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The _________ gland is referred to as the 'master gland' because it secretes a large number of hormones that affect many kinds of behaviors, such as stimulating labor in pregnant women.
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____________ is a male sex hormone that aids in the development of secondary sex characteristics.
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________, produced in the ovaries, is the female hormone that aids in the development of secondary sex characteristics; ____________, also produced in the ovaries, is the hormone that helps prepare the body for pregnancy.
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Psychologists study ________, the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring, as a way of understanding how and why people behave as they do.
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The _____________________ is a controversy about the role that biology and environment play in determining psychological traits in humans.
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Psychologists use _______________ to determine the role that heredity and the environment play in determining a trait.
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In studies of identical twins reared apart, similarities noted would most likely be due to_______ factors.
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There are 4 major areas of study for biological psychologists, they are:
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The peripheral nervous system consists of...
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Which system within the peripheral nervous system contains the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system?
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What are the 5 areas of study within the endocrine system?
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Your environment consists of what five things?
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Heredity affects what two things?
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Heredity is determined by _____ found in _____________.
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- The nervous system regulates internal functions and external reactions.
- Comprises two main parts: central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Neurons and Their Structure
- Neurons consist of three main parts: cell body, axon, and dendrites.
Central Nervous System
- The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
- The spinal cord transmits messages and is involved in spinal reflexes.
Autonomic vs. Somatic Nervous System
- The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary muscles and internal organs.
- The somatic nervous system governs voluntary muscles and sense organs.
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems
- The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for emergencies.
- The parasympathetic nervous system promotes calm after emergencies.
Brain Sections and Functions
- The hindbrain controls functions like heart rate and blood pressure.
- The midbrain is responsible for processing vision and hearing.
- The forebrain manages complex processes, including emotions.
Cerebrum and Brain Connectivity
- The cerebrum contains the cerebral cortex, linked to thinking, language, memory, and perception.
- The corpus callosum connects the brain's hemispheres, facilitating information transfer.
Brain Imaging Techniques
- Imaging techniques like CAT scans offer three-dimensional views of the brain.
Endocrine System and Hormones
- The endocrine system comprises glands secreting hormones affecting body functions and behavior.
- The pituitary gland is known as the "master gland" due to its wide-ranging hormonal influences.
Sex Hormones
- Testosterone is the male hormone promoting the development of secondary sex characteristics.
- Estrogen aids in female secondary characteristics, while progesterone prepares the body for pregnancy.
Heredity and Behavior
- Heredity involves the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
- The nature-nurture debate explores the impact of biology versus environment on psychological traits.
Research Methods in Heredity
- Identical twins studies help determine the roles of heredity and environment in traits.
- Similarities noted in twins raised apart are attributed to genetic factors.
Biological Psychologist's Focus Areas
- Four major study areas: nervous system, endocrine system, environment, and heredity.
- The peripheral nervous system comprises the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
Endocrine System Components
- Major components include adrenal gland, thyroid gland, pituitary gland, testes, and ovaries.
Environmental Influences
- Environment influences behavior through family, education, culture, living conditions, and experiences.
Heredity's Impact
- Heredity affects physical appearance and psychological traits.
- Genetic information is carried by genes located in chromosomes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 3 of Psychology, focusing on the nervous system and its components. This quiz includes key terminology and definitions to help reinforce your understanding. Perfect for students preparing for exams!
