Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a side effect of the use of electroconvulsive therapy?
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that is targeted by various antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs?
In person-centered therapy, the therapist provides what?
Unconditional positive regard.
Which of the following statements regarding gene therapy is true?
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________ is a behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus that they fear.
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Person-centered therapy is a specific type of what?
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________ is a process wherein patients are systematically taught new people skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties.
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In the context of psychoanalysis, ________ is an inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories, thoughts, or motivations.
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According to behavior therapists, how can psychological disorders be treated most effectively?
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Success rates of various psychotherapy treatment approaches range from about ________ greater success for treated compared with untreated individuals.
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used to treat what condition?
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Which of the following types of antidepressants is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
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________ seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious.
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Therapy in which the goal is to reach one's potential for self-actualization is known as what?
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In person-centered therapy, therapists are described as what?
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Which of the following best represents the percentage of all homeless adults who are thought to have a major psychological disorder?
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A hierarchy of fears is constructed in what therapeutic technique?
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________ shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning.
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The roots of interpersonal therapy stem from what approaches?
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Which drug class is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
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Prozac is an example of a what?
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Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychotherapy?
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According to humanistic therapists, psychological disorders result from what?
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Which of the following is a way in which contemporary psychodynamic therapy differs from classic psychoanalysis?
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Drugs that reduce the level of worry or tension a person experiences are known as what?
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Which of the following statements is true of group therapy?
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In the ________, surgeons performed prefrontal lobotomy on thousands of patients often with little precision.
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Which of the following is true of the beliefs of family therapy practitioners?
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Atypical antipsychotics affect both ________ and dopamine levels in the brain.
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Radiation is used to destroy specific brain areas in a type of psychosurgery called what?
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________ refers to short-term therapy designed to help patients control their moods and emotions by focusing on the context of their current social relationships.
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In the context of operant conditioning techniques, the ________ rewards a person for desired behavior with a poker chip or play money.
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Which of the following is a criticism of biomedical therapies?
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Which drug class is correctly matched with a drug that represents it?
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A newer form of psychosurgery called cingulotomy is used in rare cases of what?
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Professionals with a Master's degree who provide therapy to individuals, couples, and families are called what?
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________ are professionals with a PhD or PsyD who have also completed a postgraduate internship.
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Which of the following is true of research conducted on behavior therapy?
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Study Notes
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
- Side effect of ECT includes memory loss.
Neurotransmitters and Medication
- Serotonin is a neurotransmitter targeted by antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs.
- SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) inhibit the reuptake of serotonin.
- Antipsychotics block dopamine receptors; chlorpromazine is an example.
Therapeutic Approaches
- Person-centered therapy emphasizes unconditional positive regard and empathy.
- Psychodynamic therapy aims to bring unresolved conflicts from the unconscious to consciousness.
- Humanistic therapy, including person-centered therapy, focuses on self-actualization.
- Group therapy is more economical compared to individual therapy.
Anxiety and Behavioral Treatments
- Flooding is a behavioral treatment for anxiety involving confrontation with fear stimuli.
- Systematic desensitization employs a hierarchy of fears for gradual exposure.
- Observational learning involves teaching skills for handling fears and anxieties.
Psychological Disorders and Treatments
- Psychological disorders can be treated effectively by replacing faulty skills with new patterns.
- Success rates for psychotherapy range from 70 to 85 percent for treated individuals versus untreated.
- Neuroscientific evidence shows behavioral treatments can lead to changes in brain functioning.
Gene Therapy and Current Practices
- Gene therapy is still considered experimental.
- Contemporary psychodynamic therapy places less emphasis on childhood history compared to classic psychoanalysis.
Special Techniques and Drugs
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used for treating depression.
- Antianxiety drugs help reduce worry and tension.
- Gamma knife surgery is a type of psychosurgery utilizing radiation.
Therapy Professionals
- Licensed professional counselors hold a Master's degree and certification, providing therapy services.
- Clinical psychologists possess a PhD or PsyD and specialized training in assessing and treating psychological difficulties.
Family Therapy
- Family therapy views the family as a single unit, with each member contributing to the dynamics.
Special Conditions
- Atypical antipsychotics affect both serotonin and dopamine levels, used for a broader range of conditions.
- Cingulotomy is a newer psychosurgery method developed for rare cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Critiques of Biomedical Therapies
- A criticism is that biomedical therapies mainly relieve symptoms without addressing underlying causes.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Psychology Chapter 11. Learn about electroconvulsive therapy, neurotransmitters, and person-centered therapy. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of psychological treatments and theories.