Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a side effect of the use of electroconvulsive therapy?
Which of the following is a side effect of the use of electroconvulsive therapy?
- Nausea
- Headache
- Memory Loss (correct)
- Insomnia
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that is targeted by various antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs?
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that is targeted by various antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs?
- Serotonin (correct)
- Dopamine
- Norepinephrine
- Acetylcholine
In person-centered therapy, the therapist provides what?
In person-centered therapy, the therapist provides what?
Unconditional positive regard.
Which of the following statements regarding gene therapy is true?
Which of the following statements regarding gene therapy is true?
________ is a behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus that they fear.
________ is a behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus that they fear.
Person-centered therapy is a specific type of what?
Person-centered therapy is a specific type of what?
________ is a process wherein patients are systematically taught new people skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties.
________ is a process wherein patients are systematically taught new people skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties.
In the context of psychoanalysis, ________ is an inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories, thoughts, or motivations.
In the context of psychoanalysis, ________ is an inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories, thoughts, or motivations.
According to behavior therapists, how can psychological disorders be treated most effectively?
According to behavior therapists, how can psychological disorders be treated most effectively?
Success rates of various psychotherapy treatment approaches range from about ________ greater success for treated compared with untreated individuals.
Success rates of various psychotherapy treatment approaches range from about ________ greater success for treated compared with untreated individuals.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used to treat what condition?
Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used to treat what condition?
Which of the following types of antidepressants is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
Which of the following types of antidepressants is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
________ seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious.
________ seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious.
Therapy in which the goal is to reach one's potential for self-actualization is known as what?
Therapy in which the goal is to reach one's potential for self-actualization is known as what?
In person-centered therapy, therapists are described as what?
In person-centered therapy, therapists are described as what?
Which of the following best represents the percentage of all homeless adults who are thought to have a major psychological disorder?
Which of the following best represents the percentage of all homeless adults who are thought to have a major psychological disorder?
A hierarchy of fears is constructed in what therapeutic technique?
A hierarchy of fears is constructed in what therapeutic technique?
________ shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning.
________ shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning.
The roots of interpersonal therapy stem from what approaches?
The roots of interpersonal therapy stem from what approaches?
Which drug class is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
Which drug class is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?
Prozac is an example of a what?
Prozac is an example of a what?
Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychotherapy?
Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychotherapy?
According to humanistic therapists, psychological disorders result from what?
According to humanistic therapists, psychological disorders result from what?
Which of the following is a way in which contemporary psychodynamic therapy differs from classic psychoanalysis?
Which of the following is a way in which contemporary psychodynamic therapy differs from classic psychoanalysis?
Drugs that reduce the level of worry or tension a person experiences are known as what?
Drugs that reduce the level of worry or tension a person experiences are known as what?
Which of the following statements is true of group therapy?
Which of the following statements is true of group therapy?
In the ________, surgeons performed prefrontal lobotomy on thousands of patients often with little precision.
In the ________, surgeons performed prefrontal lobotomy on thousands of patients often with little precision.
Which of the following is true of the beliefs of family therapy practitioners?
Which of the following is true of the beliefs of family therapy practitioners?
Atypical antipsychotics affect both ________ and dopamine levels in the brain.
Atypical antipsychotics affect both ________ and dopamine levels in the brain.
Radiation is used to destroy specific brain areas in a type of psychosurgery called what?
Radiation is used to destroy specific brain areas in a type of psychosurgery called what?
________ refers to short-term therapy designed to help patients control their moods and emotions by focusing on the context of their current social relationships.
________ refers to short-term therapy designed to help patients control their moods and emotions by focusing on the context of their current social relationships.
In the context of operant conditioning techniques, the ________ rewards a person for desired behavior with a poker chip or play money.
In the context of operant conditioning techniques, the ________ rewards a person for desired behavior with a poker chip or play money.
Which of the following is a criticism of biomedical therapies?
Which of the following is a criticism of biomedical therapies?
Which drug class is correctly matched with a drug that represents it?
Which drug class is correctly matched with a drug that represents it?
A newer form of psychosurgery called cingulotomy is used in rare cases of what?
A newer form of psychosurgery called cingulotomy is used in rare cases of what?
Professionals with a Master's degree who provide therapy to individuals, couples, and families are called what?
Professionals with a Master's degree who provide therapy to individuals, couples, and families are called what?
________ are professionals with a PhD or PsyD who have also completed a postgraduate internship.
________ are professionals with a PhD or PsyD who have also completed a postgraduate internship.
Which of the following is true of research conducted on behavior therapy?
Which of the following is true of research conducted on behavior therapy?
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Study Notes
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
- Side effect of ECT includes memory loss.
Neurotransmitters and Medication
- Serotonin is a neurotransmitter targeted by antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs.
- SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) inhibit the reuptake of serotonin.
- Antipsychotics block dopamine receptors; chlorpromazine is an example.
Therapeutic Approaches
- Person-centered therapy emphasizes unconditional positive regard and empathy.
- Psychodynamic therapy aims to bring unresolved conflicts from the unconscious to consciousness.
- Humanistic therapy, including person-centered therapy, focuses on self-actualization.
- Group therapy is more economical compared to individual therapy.
Anxiety and Behavioral Treatments
- Flooding is a behavioral treatment for anxiety involving confrontation with fear stimuli.
- Systematic desensitization employs a hierarchy of fears for gradual exposure.
- Observational learning involves teaching skills for handling fears and anxieties.
Psychological Disorders and Treatments
- Psychological disorders can be treated effectively by replacing faulty skills with new patterns.
- Success rates for psychotherapy range from 70 to 85 percent for treated individuals versus untreated.
- Neuroscientific evidence shows behavioral treatments can lead to changes in brain functioning.
Gene Therapy and Current Practices
- Gene therapy is still considered experimental.
- Contemporary psychodynamic therapy places less emphasis on childhood history compared to classic psychoanalysis.
Special Techniques and Drugs
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used for treating depression.
- Antianxiety drugs help reduce worry and tension.
- Gamma knife surgery is a type of psychosurgery utilizing radiation.
Therapy Professionals
- Licensed professional counselors hold a Master's degree and certification, providing therapy services.
- Clinical psychologists possess a PhD or PsyD and specialized training in assessing and treating psychological difficulties.
Family Therapy
- Family therapy views the family as a single unit, with each member contributing to the dynamics.
Special Conditions
- Atypical antipsychotics affect both serotonin and dopamine levels, used for a broader range of conditions.
- Cingulotomy is a newer psychosurgery method developed for rare cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Critiques of Biomedical Therapies
- A criticism is that biomedical therapies mainly relieve symptoms without addressing underlying causes.
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