Psychology Chapter 11 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a side effect of the use of electroconvulsive therapy?

Nausea

Headache

Memory Loss (correct)

Insomnia

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that is targeted by various antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs?

Serotonin (correct)

Dopamine

Norepinephrine

Acetylcholine

In person-centered therapy, the therapist provides what?

Unconditional positive regard.

Which of the following statements regarding gene therapy is true?

It remains experimental at this point. Signup and view all the answers

________ is a behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus that they fear.

Flooding Signup and view all the answers

Person-centered therapy is a specific type of what?

Humanistic therapy. Signup and view all the answers

________ is a process wherein patients are systematically taught new people skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties.

Observational learning Signup and view all the answers

In the context of psychoanalysis, ________ is an inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal particular memories, thoughts, or motivations.

Resistance Signup and view all the answers

According to behavior therapists, how can psychological disorders be treated most effectively?

Clients should learn new patterns to replace the faulty skills they have developed. Signup and view all the answers

Success rates of various psychotherapy treatment approaches range from about ________ greater success for treated compared with untreated individuals.

70 to 85 percent Signup and view all the answers

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used to treat what condition?

Depression. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of antidepressants is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?

SSRIs—inhibit the reuptake of serotonin Signup and view all the answers

________ seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious.

Psychodynamic therapy Signup and view all the answers

Therapy in which the goal is to reach one's potential for self-actualization is known as what?

Person-centered therapy. Signup and view all the answers

In person-centered therapy, therapists are described as what?

Empathetic. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the percentage of all homeless adults who are thought to have a major psychological disorder?

15-30 percent Signup and view all the answers

A hierarchy of fears is constructed in what therapeutic technique?

Systematic desensitization. Signup and view all the answers

________ shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning.

Neuroscientific evidence. Signup and view all the answers

The roots of interpersonal therapy stem from what approaches?

Psychodynamic approaches. Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class is matched with the correct neurotransmitter action?

Antipsychotics—block dopamine receptors Signup and view all the answers

Prozac is an example of a what?

Antidepressant. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychotherapy?

Psychoanalysis is Freud's specific version of psychotherapy. Signup and view all the answers

According to humanistic therapists, psychological disorders result from what?

The inability to find meaning in life. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way in which contemporary psychodynamic therapy differs from classic psychoanalysis?

Contemporary less emphasizes a patient's past history. Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that reduce the level of worry or tension a person experiences are known as what?

Antianxiety drugs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true of group therapy?

Group therapy is much more economical than individual therapy. Signup and view all the answers

In the ________, surgeons performed prefrontal lobotomy on thousands of patients often with little precision.

1930s and 1940s Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true of the beliefs of family therapy practitioners?

The family is a single unit to which each member contributes. Signup and view all the answers

Atypical antipsychotics affect both ________ and dopamine levels in the brain.

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

Radiation is used to destroy specific brain areas in a type of psychosurgery called what?

Gamma knife surgery. Signup and view all the answers

________ refers to short-term therapy designed to help patients control their moods and emotions by focusing on the context of their current social relationships.

Interpersonal therapy Signup and view all the answers

In the context of operant conditioning techniques, the ________ rewards a person for desired behavior with a poker chip or play money.

Token system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a criticism of biomedical therapies?

They merely provide relief of the symptoms of mental disorders. Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class is correctly matched with a drug that represents it?

Antipsychotics—chlorpromazine Signup and view all the answers

A newer form of psychosurgery called cingulotomy is used in rare cases of what?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Signup and view all the answers

Professionals with a Master's degree who provide therapy to individuals, couples, and families are called what?

Licensed professional counselors. Signup and view all the answers

________ are professionals with a PhD or PsyD who have also completed a postgraduate internship.

Clinical psychologists Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true of research conducted on behavior therapy?

Neuroscientific evidence shows that behavioral treatments can produce actual changes in brain functioning. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Side effect of ECT includes memory loss.

Neurotransmitters and Medication

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter targeted by antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs.
SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) inhibit the reuptake of serotonin.
Antipsychotics block dopamine receptors; chlorpromazine is an example.

Therapeutic Approaches

Person-centered therapy emphasizes unconditional positive regard and empathy.
Psychodynamic therapy aims to bring unresolved conflicts from the unconscious to consciousness.
Humanistic therapy, including person-centered therapy, focuses on self-actualization.
Group therapy is more economical compared to individual therapy.

Anxiety and Behavioral Treatments

Flooding is a behavioral treatment for anxiety involving confrontation with fear stimuli.
Systematic desensitization employs a hierarchy of fears for gradual exposure.
Observational learning involves teaching skills for handling fears and anxieties.

Psychological Disorders and Treatments

Psychological disorders can be treated effectively by replacing faulty skills with new patterns.
Success rates for psychotherapy range from 70 to 85 percent for treated individuals versus untreated.
Neuroscientific evidence shows behavioral treatments can lead to changes in brain functioning.

Gene Therapy and Current Practices

Gene therapy is still considered experimental.
Contemporary psychodynamic therapy places less emphasis on childhood history compared to classic psychoanalysis.

Special Techniques and Drugs

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used for treating depression.
Antianxiety drugs help reduce worry and tension.
Gamma knife surgery is a type of psychosurgery utilizing radiation.

Therapy Professionals

Licensed professional counselors hold a Master's degree and certification, providing therapy services.
Clinical psychologists possess a PhD or PsyD and specialized training in assessing and treating psychological difficulties.

Family Therapy

Family therapy views the family as a single unit, with each member contributing to the dynamics.

Special Conditions

Atypical antipsychotics affect both serotonin and dopamine levels, used for a broader range of conditions.
Cingulotomy is a newer psychosurgery method developed for rare cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Critiques of Biomedical Therapies

A criticism is that biomedical therapies mainly relieve symptoms without addressing underlying causes.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Psychology Chapter 11. Learn about electroconvulsive therapy, neurotransmitters, and person-centered therapy. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of psychological treatments and theories.