Psychology Chapter 10 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does gender identity refer to?

Physical sexual anatomy

One's sexual orientation

Societal roles based on sex

One's sense of oneself as male, female, or transgender (correct)

Which of the following generally define gender?

Socially accepted traits (correct)

Male or female

Sexual attraction

Physical disorder

What are gender roles?

Societal norms dictating acceptable behaviors based on sex.

Define sexual orientation.

Which way you are sexually attracted. Signup and view all the answers

What is a gender-role stereotype?

Stereotypes that go along with certain genders. Signup and view all the answers

What does the social learning theory of gender role development propose?

Gender identity and role as behaviors learned from the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What does intersex refer to?

Conditions where a person is born with anatomy that doesn't fit typical definitions of male or female. Signup and view all the answers

What does transgendered mean?

Having a gender identity that differs from one's sex assigned at birth. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a transsexual person?

A transgendered person who has surgery to change physical sex. Signup and view all the answers

What is gender schema theory?

Theory that children learn about male and female roles from their culture. Signup and view all the answers

Who came up with gender schema theory?

Sandra Bem. Signup and view all the answers

What is sexual dysfunction?

Dysfunctions that occur sexually. Signup and view all the answers

What is hypoactive sexual desire disorder?

A lack of or significantly reduced sexual interest or desire. Signup and view all the answers

Define sexual aversion disorder.

Extreme aversion to all or almost all genital sexual contact. Signup and view all the answers

What is dyspareunia?

Painful sexual intercourse due to medical or psychological causes. Signup and view all the answers

What is erectile dysfunction?

Inability to experience sexual arousal or achieve sexual satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is male orgasmic disorder?

Inability to reach orgasm during sexual stimulation. Signup and view all the answers

What defines premature ejaculation?

Ejaculation before orgasm and resolution has occurred. Signup and view all the answers

What is female orgasmic disorder?

Inability to reach orgasm during sexual stimulation. Signup and view all the answers

Define vaginismus.

Involuntary spasm of the vaginal muscles causing painful intercourse. Signup and view all the answers

What is paraphilia?

A condition where sexual arousal depends on atypical fantasies. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Gender and Sexuality

Sex: Refers to biological attributes (male, female, transgender); incongruence between gender identity and biological sex can lead to identification as transgender or transsexual.
Gender: Comprises characteristics and traits linked to biological sex; categorized as masculine or feminine, with ongoing debates regarding its formation in psychology.
Gender Roles: Societal norms dictate acceptable behaviors based on perceived sex or sexuality, impacting individual actions and expectations.

Theoretical Perspectives

Social Learning Theory: Posits that gender identity and roles are learned from the environment, primarily through observational learning and imitation of same-sex models.
Gender Schema Theory: Suggests children learn gender roles through cultural influences, adjusting behaviors to fit gender norms.

Identifying Terms

Intersex: A condition involving reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit typical definitions of male or female.
Transgendered: Individuals whose gender identity differs from the sex assigned at birth, encompassing various identities (e.g., bigender, genderqueer).
Transsexual: A specific type of transgender person who undergoes surgery for physical transition to the opposite sex.

Sexual Dysfunction Categories

Sexual Dysfunction: General term for problems affecting sexual activity.
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Characterized by significantly reduced sexual interest in both men and women.
Sexual Aversion Disorder: Extreme aversion to and avoidance of sexual contact, causing distress.
Dyspareunia: Painful intercourse resulting from medical or psychological issues.
Erectile Dysfunction: Difficulty achieving sexual arousal or satisfaction, often tied to psychological factors.
Male Orgasmic Disorder: Inability to reach orgasm during sexual stimulation in men; may cause significant distress.
Premature Ejaculation: Ejaculation occurring before orgasm has been achieved.
Female Orgasmic Disorder: Inability for women to reach orgasm, similar to the male equivalent with potential for significant interpersonal issues.
Vaginismus: Involuntary spasms of the vaginal muscles leading to painful intercourse, stemming from psychological and physical factors.
Paraphilia: Dependence on specific fantasies for sexual arousal and gratification.

Notable Figures

Sandra Bem: Originated the Gender Schema Theory, contributing to the understanding of how children learn gender norms.

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Description

Dive into Chapter 10 of psychology with these flashcards focusing on key terms related to gender identity and gender. Explore definitions and concepts such as sex and gender that are essential for understanding human behavior and social dynamics.