Questions and Answers
Simplicity of conducting the study is to ________ as ability to test large numbers of participants is to ________.
archival research; surveys
What is one task that a peer reviewer is not likely to participate in?
suggesting magazines that may be interested in publishing the research
What is a potential problem with American researchers studying the effects of physical attractiveness on compliance in Lebanon?
The study may not be valid due to differences in standards of attractiveness between cultures.
________ refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result.
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In the experiment on racial prejudice, the class forgot to ________ in order to resolve the ________ in the study.
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What is the most serious flaw of Magali and Jean-Gabriel's happiness study design?
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What is the role of peer reviewers?
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________ (IRB) reviews research that is conducted using human participants.
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Which of the following represents a weak positive correlation?
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Ethics need to be considered when ________ scientific research.
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________ are subjects of psychological research.
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A(n) ________ is conducted in order to determine whether there are meaningful differences between two groups in a study.
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Which of the following represents a strong negative correlation?
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The ________ variable measures effects of the independent variable.
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In order to maximize the chances that experimental groups represent the population of interest, researchers should conduct ________ and ________.
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Research describing a link between childhood vaccines and autism has been ________.
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Who is an anthropologist that contributed to our understanding of chimpanzee behavior in the wild?
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Many studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.
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Which of the following is NOT a potential problem associated with relying on college students as participants in psychological research?
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Study Notes
Research Methodologies
- Archival research is easy to conduct, while surveys allow testing large participant numbers.
- Institutional Review Boards (IRB) oversee studies involving human participants to ensure ethical standards.
Peer Review Process
- Peer reviewers help maintain quality control in scientific findings but do not suggest journals for publication.
Cultural Considerations in Research
- Cultural differences in standards of attractiveness may affect the validity of findings when generalizing across populations, such as from American to Lebanese individuals.
Ethical Conduct in Research
- Transparency is crucial; debriefing participants can resolve issues related to deception in studies.
- Ethics must be a consideration during the design, conduct, and review of scientific research.
Measuring Variables
- Reliability refers to the consistency of results across trials.
- The dependent variable is what is measured to assess the impact of the independent variable.
- Statistical analyses determine significant differences between groups in research.
Definitions and Concepts
- Participants are individuals involved in psychological research.
- Weak positive correlation is represented by a value of +0.2; strong negative correlation is indicated by -0.9.
Limitations and Flaws
- Defining constructs like happiness is essential; vague measurements can lead to flawed research designs.
- Research claiming a link between childhood vaccines and autism was retracted due to conflicts of interest.
Observational Studies
- Naturalistic observation contributed to chimpanzee behavior understanding, with significant contributions from anthropologist Jane Goodall.
Participant Population Concerns
- College students, often used in studies, might not reflect the broader population; it is incorrect to claim they have higher attrition rates than other groups.
Experimental Design
- Enhancing representativeness in experimental design involves random sampling and random group assignments to avoid biases.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapters 1 and 2 of Psychology research methods. This quiz covers important terms and tasks involved in research and the peer review process. Challenge yourself to enhance your understanding of psychological studies.
