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Questions and Answers
What are some of the disturbances in cognition that can be seen in children and adolescents in response to psychological trauma?
Which of the following is NOT a common affective disorder seen in individuals experiencing psychological trauma?
What is one of the key purposes of traumatic counseling?
Which method was used in the article as described to identify and summarize the literature about techniques for PTSD and culture cases?
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Which electronic databases were mentioned in the text as part of the search for empirical studies on PTSD and culture cases?
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What were some of the keywords used in the search for literature about PTSD and culture cases?
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What is the publication year of the article 'The influences of emotion on learning and memory'?
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Who authored the article 'Inviting scientific discourse on traumatic dissociation'?
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In which journal was the article 'Interventions for trauma‐related emotional disturbances in adult victims of crime' published?
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What is the main focus of the article 'Neural correlates of emotion-attention interactions'?
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Which book is associated with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR)?
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What are the four types of trauma mentioned in the text?
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Who authored the book 'Post-traumatic stress disorder in children'?
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How does Shapiro define trauma in terms of its impact on the brain's information processing system?
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According to Surya, how does trauma affect individuals who experience it?
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Which term is used in the text to describe the reaction of driving traumatic events out of consciousness?
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How does the text suggest trauma affects an individual's nervous system?
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What aspect of the traumatic event did Surya mention as causing pain for individuals?
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What is the primary function of traumatic counselors?
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Which approach involves using various movement methods to unravel the brain's information processing system?
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What is one possible manifestation of inhibited processing in a person, according to the text?
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Which approach integrates culture into the EMDR method?
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What does EMDR postulate happens when a traumatic incident occurs?
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How does the EMDR rhythm intervention aim to improve brain function?
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What is the dialectic of psychological trauma discussed in the text?
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Why is speaking openly about trauma often avoided?
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What happens when the narrative of a traumatic event is covered up?
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How is psychological trauma defined in the text?
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What is one consequence of not openly discussing traumatic events according to the text?
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Why does the text mention that available information about traumatic events usually does not last long in public awareness?
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Study Notes
Disturbances in Cognition
- Cognitive disturbances in children and adolescents can manifest as difficulties in attention, memory, and problem-solving skills after experiencing psychological trauma.
- Traumatized youth may exhibit impaired processing of information and altered perceptions of reality.
Affective Disorders
- Common affective disorders associated with psychological trauma include depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
- Some disorders that are less commonly linked to trauma may include conditions not directly related to emotions, such as personality disorders.
Purpose of Traumatic Counseling
- A key purpose of traumatic counseling is to assist individuals in processing their trauma, promoting healing and facilitating coping strategies.
Literature Identification Method
- A systematic review method was used to identify and summarize literature on techniques for addressing PTSD and culture cases.
Electronic Databases
- Databases mentioned include PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar as part of the search strategy for empirical studies related to PTSD.
Keywords for Literature Search
- Keywords used in the literature search encompassed terms like "cultural considerations," "PTSD treatment," and "trauma responses."
Publication Year
- The article "The influences of emotion on learning and memory" was published in 2010.
Author of Trauma Dissociation Article
- The article "Inviting scientific discourse on traumatic dissociation" was authored by L. M. M. Shapiro.
Journal Publication
- The article "Interventions for trauma‐related emotional disturbances in adult victims of crime" was published in the "Journal of Traumatic Stress."
Focus of Neural Correlates Article
- The main focus of the article "Neural correlates of emotion-attention interactions" is on how emotional stimuli affect cognitive attentional functions.
Book Associated with EMDR
- "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR): Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures" is affiliated with the practice of EMDR.
Types of Trauma
- Four types of trauma mentioned include physical, emotional, sexual, and developmental trauma.
Author of PTSD Book
- The book "Post-traumatic stress disorder in children" was authored by R. A. W. P. L. H. O'Connor.
Shapiro's Definition of Trauma
- Shapiro defines trauma as an event that disrupts the brain's information processing system, leading to disorganized or fragmented memories.
Trauma's Effects According to Surya
- Surya notes that trauma affects how individuals perceive themselves and the world, often leading to feelings of helplessness and disconnection.
Term for Dissociation Mechanism
- The term used to describe the process of driving traumatic events out of consciousness is "dissociation."
Trauma's Effect on the Nervous System
- Trauma can dysregulate the nervous system, leading to heightened arousal and emotional numbing in affected individuals.
Pain Inferred from Trauma
- Surya highlights that the inability to process the emotional aspect of the traumatic event leads to ongoing emotional pain.
Function of Traumatic Counselors
- Traumatic counselors primarily support clients in reconstructing their narratives and improving emotional regulation.
Movement Methods Approach
- The approach using various movement methods to enhance the brain's information processing is known as "somatic therapy."
Inhibited Processing Manifestation
- Inhibited processing may manifest as avoidance behaviors, where individuals steer clear of reminders of the trauma.
Cultural Integration in EMDR
- The approach integrating cultural considerations into EMDR is referred to as "Culturally Sensitive EMDR."
EMDR's Postulation on Trauma
- EMDR postulates that during a traumatic incident, the normal adaptive information processing system is overwhelmed, leading to unprocessed memories.
EMDR Rhythm Intervention
- The EMDR rhythm intervention aims to improve brain function by promoting bilateral stimulation, which helps integrate traumatic memories.
Dialectic of Psychological Trauma
- The dialectic of psychological trauma involves the tension between the desire to speak about trauma and the instinct to remain silent due to fear or shame.
Avoidance of Open Discussions
- Speaking openly about trauma is often avoided due to cultural stigmas, fear of judgment, or the overwhelming nature of reliving painful memories.
Consequence of Covered-up Narratives
- When the narrative of a traumatic event is concealed, it can lead to unresolved issues and exacerbate emotional stress.
Definition of Psychological Trauma
- Psychological trauma is defined as an emotional response to distressing events that affect an individual's ability to process experiences.
Consequence of Non-discussion
- One consequence of not openly discussing traumatic events is the potential for chronic psychological distress and development of PTSD symptoms.
Public Awareness of Traumatic Events
- Available information about traumatic events often fades quickly from public awareness due to societal tendencies to focus on more current issues or events.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the initial responses individuals may have to psychological trauma, such as disturbances in cognition, affective disorders, interpersonal relationship changes, and behavioral issues. Explore ways to help clients dealing with trauma.
