COPY: Psychological Trauma Initial Responses Quiz

Disturbances in Cognition due to Psychological Trauma

• Children and adolescents experiencing psychological trauma may exhibit disturbances in cognition, including affective disorders and emotional disturbances.

Common Affective Disorders in Psychological Trauma

• Common affective disorders seen in individuals experiencing psychological trauma include anxiety and depression, but NOT schizophrenia.

Traumatic Counseling

• One of the key purposes of traumatic counseling is to help individuals process and integrate traumatic memories into their narrative.

Literature Review Method

• The article used a systematic literature review approach, involving a comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus, to identify and summarize studies on PTSD and culture cases.

Search Terms and Publication Years

• Keywords used in the search for literature on PTSD and culture cases included "post-traumatic stress disorder", "culture", and "trauma".
• The article "The influences of emotion on learning and memory" was published in 2007.

Authors and Journal Publications

• The article "Inviting scientific discourse on traumatic dissociation" was authored by Brand et al.
• The article "Interventions for trauma‐related emotional disturbances in adult victims of crime" was published in the Journal of Trauma and Stress.

EMDR Therapy

• The book "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR)" is associated with Francine Shapiro.
• EMDR postulates that when a traumatic incident occurs, the brain's information processing system is disrupted, leading to the development of PTSD symptoms.

Types of Trauma

• The four types of trauma mentioned in the text are acute, chronic, complex, and collective.

Trauma and the Brain's Information Processing System

• Shapiro defines trauma in terms of its impact on the brain's information processing system, which becomes overwhelmed and unable to process traumatic information.
• According to Surya, trauma affects individuals who experience it by causing a disconnect between their narrative and their emotional experience.

Trauma Reaction and Nervous System

• The term "dissociation" is used in the text to describe the reaction of driving traumatic events out of consciousness.
• Trauma affects an individual's nervous system by causing it to become stuck in a state of hyperarousal.

Role of Traumatic Counselors

• The primary function of traumatic counselors is to help individuals process and integrate traumatic memories into their narrative.

Interventions and Approaches

• The EMDR rhythm intervention aims to improve brain function by re-processing traumatic memories in a new, adaptive way.
• The Cultural Competence Approach integrates culture into the EMDR method.
• The Dialectic of Psychological Trauma involves the tension between the need to remember and the need to forget traumatic events.

Consequences of Not Discussing Trauma

• Speaking openly about trauma is often avoided due to the stigma and shame associated with it.
• When the narrative of a traumatic event is covered up, it can lead to further distress and PTSD symptoms.
• One consequence of not openly discussing traumatic events is that the individual may be left with unresolved emotions and memories.