28 Questions
What type of information do biographical measures usually refer to?
Accomplishments and experiences
What do physiological measures provide insights into?
Physical health, psychological state, or performance
Which of the following is NOT an example of physiological measures?
IQ test scores
What is the main purpose of biographical measures in psychological assessment?
Report accomplishments and experiences
Besides tests, what other tools are mentioned for psychological assessment in the text?
Physiological measures
Which term is used as an umbrella term for the evaluation methods to better understand characteristics of people, places, and things?
Assessment
What is a test designed to sample and describe?
Individual behaviors or interests
In the context of assessment, what do tests reflect?
Numerical gauges of abilities or attributes
Which term refers to methods used to draw inferences about characteristics of people, objects, or programs?
Assessment
What can a test measure according to the text?
Past, present, or future behaviors
In the assessment context, what are judgments based on?
Quantitative and qualitative client data
Who is considered the Father of Psychometrics?
Wilhelm Wundt
When did the practice of psychological testing and assessment originate?
Song Dynasty
Who introduced a test to measure adult intelligence at Bellevue Hospital in New York City?
David Wechsler
What was the primary purpose of the 30-item measuring scale of intelligence developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon?
Identify mentally retarded Paris schoolchildren
What did the Greco-Romans anticipate during the Middle Ages regarding psychology?
Psychological assessment as a specialty within psychology
Which century saw the introduction of the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany?
19th Century
What is an ethical consideration when conducting assessments?
Communicating clearly the purpose of diagnosis to the client
What should be avoided when selecting assessment tools?
Choosing tools with inappropriate content or scoring methods
Why is it important to continually assess test security and misuse of testing?
To uphold ethical standards and prevent misuse of assessments
What should be done with assessment findings to ensure client understanding?
Involve the client in the communication process of test results
How should results be disclosed to relevant individuals according to ethical standards?
With the consent of clients as ethically required
What is the purpose of accommodation in assessment?
To make the assessment more suitable for individuals with exceptional needs
Which of the following is NOT a key ethical consideration in assessment?
Selecting assessment tools based on personal preference
What is a crucial aspect of applying ethical principles in real-life scenarios?
Understanding key psychometric terms
Why is ongoing informed consent important in the assessment process?
To ensure clients are continuously aware of the assessment process
What should be considered when selecting assessment tools according to the text?
Tools that are culturally appropriate and do not perpetuate stereotypes
Why should one review all pertinent ethical standards when selecting an assessment tool?
To ensure that the chosen tool aligns with ethical guidelines
Study Notes
Types of Measures in Psychological Assessment
- Biographical measures usually refer to information about an individual's life history, such as education, work experience, and family background.
- Physiological measures provide insights into bodily responses, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and brain activity.
- An example of something that is NOT a physiological measure is a person's favorite food.
Purpose of Biographical Measures
- The main purpose of biographical measures in psychological assessment is to gather information about an individual's life history to understand their behavior and personality.
Tools in Psychological Assessment
- Besides tests, other tools used in psychological assessment include interviews, observations, and biographical measures.
Umbrella Term for Evaluation Methods
- The umbrella term used to describe the evaluation methods to better understand characteristics of people, places, and things is "assessment".
Tests and Judgments
- A test is designed to sample and describe a person's behavior, abilities, or characteristics.
- Tests reflect an individual's performance on a particular task or series of tasks.
- Judgments in the assessment context are based on the data collected from tests and other evaluation methods.
Methods and Inferences
- The term used to describe methods used to draw inferences about characteristics of people, objects, or programs is "measurement".
- A test can measure various aspects of an individual, including cognitive abilities, personality traits, and emotional functioning.
History of Psychological Testing and Assessment
- The Father of Psychometrics is considered to be Charles Spearman.
- The practice of psychological testing and assessment originated in ancient China, around 2200 B.C.
- Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon developed a 30-item measuring scale of intelligence in 1905, with the primary purpose of identifying children who needed special education.
- The first experimental psychology lab was introduced in Leipzig, Germany in the 19th century.
Ethical Considerations in Assessment
- An ethical consideration when conducting assessments is to avoid cultural bias and ensure the test is fair and valid for all individuals.
- It is important to continually assess test security and misuse of testing to prevent cheating and ensure the integrity of the results.
- Assessment findings should be presented in a clear and understandable manner to ensure client understanding.
- Results should be disclosed to relevant individuals according to ethical standards, taking into account confidentiality and consent.
- Accommodation in assessment is used to provide fair access to individuals with disabilities.
- Ongoing informed consent is important in the assessment process to ensure individuals understand the purpose and potential consequences of the assessment.
- When selecting assessment tools, it is essential to consider the relevance, validity, and reliability of the tool, as well as cultural sensitivity and fairness.
Learn about the importance of proper test administration, building rapport during testing, and conveying test results clearly in Chapter 2 of psychological testing. Explore the historical, cultural, and legal/ethical aspects of psychological assessments.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
