Psychological Disorders: Mental Illness

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Questions and Answers

What criteria do psychologists and psychiatrists use to define mental disorders?

  • Statistical Rarity, Subjective Distress, Impairment, Biological Dysfunction (correct)
  • Symptom Severity, Onset Age, Cultural Background, Environmental Influence
  • Physical Health, Emotional Response, Social Functioning, Genetic Predisposition
  • Historical Conceptions, Demonic Model, Medical Model, DSM-5

During the Middle Ages, how were mental illnesses often explained?

  • Through biological dysfunction
  • As a result of evil spirits inhabiting the body (correct)
  • By statistical rarity
  • As a physical disorder

What model emerged during the Renaissance to explain mental illness?

  • DSM-5 Model
  • Physiological Model
  • Medical Model (correct)
  • Demonic Model

What was the focus of the reformers like Phillippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix regarding mental illness treatment?

<p>Moral Treatment: Treated with dignity, respect, and kindness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DSM stand for in the context of mental disorders?

<p>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main criticism of DSM-5 regarding its diagnostic criteria?

<p>Reliance on a dimensional model rather than categorical model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

<p>Continual feelings of worry, anxiety, physical tension, and irritability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom of Panic Attacks?

<p>Racing heartbeat and feelings of impending death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

<p>Diminished interest in pleasurable activities with weight loss and sleep difficulties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Insanity Defence in the legal context?

<p>To argue that individuals shouldn't be held legally responsible if they weren't 'of sound mind' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hallmark symptom of Schizophrenia?

<p>Strongly held irrational beliefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of Dissociative Fugue?

<p>Sudden travel away from home accompanied by amnesia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates Borderline Personality Disorder from Antisocial Personality Disorder?

<p>Alternating between worshipping and hating partners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is primarily characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception?

<p>Dissociative Identity Disorder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary problem associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

<p>Inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is characterized by superficial charm, dishonesty, manipulativeness, self-centeredness, and risk-taking?

<p>Psychopathic Personality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary problem associated with Dissociative Fugue?

<p>Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or workplace (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relationships, individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder alternate between __________ partners.

<p>worshipping and loving (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of Depersonalization Disorder?

<p>Feeling of detachment like observing oneself (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder involves disturbances in attention, thinking, language, emotion, and relationships?

<p>Schizophrenia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark symptom of Dissociative Amnesia?

<p>Inability to recall important personal information related to stressful experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is mainly influenced by genetics but can also be triggered by stressful events?

<p>Bipolar Disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinctive feature of Dissociative Identity Disorder?

<p>Presence of two or more distinct identities (Alters) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary problem associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

<p>Inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion for defining mental disorders relies on the presence of emotional pain for individuals affected?

<p>Subjective Distress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Middle Ages, odd behaviors were often attributed to the presence of ___.

<p>Evil spirits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key focus of reformers like Philippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix in treating mental illness?

<p>Moral treatment with dignity and kindness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model viewed mental illness as a physical disorder requiring treatment during the Renaissance?

<p>Medical Model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statistics for defining mental disorders are used primarily due to their ___ nature.

<p>Statistical rarity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion for defining mental disorders focuses on interference with people's everyday functioning?

<p>Impairment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common practice during the Middle Ages to address odd behaviors associated with mental illness?

<p>Exorcisms and witch hunts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Breakdowns or failures of physiological systems' are associated with which criterion for defining mental disorders?

<p>'Biological Dysfunction' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main criticisms of the DSM-5 in relation to its diagnostic criteria?

<p>Reliance on a categorical model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of mental disorders, what is a distinguishing feature of the Dimensional Model compared to the Categorical Model?

<p>Focuses on the severity of symptoms rather than their presence or absence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Somatic Symptom Disorders from other anxiety-related disorders?

<p>They are characterized by physical symptoms with psychological origins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Illness Anxiety Disorder from other anxiety disorders?

<p>It involves a persistent fear of having a serious disease despite no evidence of illness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates Panic Disorder from other anxiety disorders?

<p>It involves repeated, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concerns about future attacks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) from other anxiety-related disorders?

<p>It involves repeated and lengthy immersion in obsessions and/or compulsions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) from other mood disorders?

<p>It features a combination of symptoms including depressed mood, weight loss, and sleep difficulties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature that differentiates Mood Disorders from other types of mental disorders?

<p>Involvement of emotional disturbances such as prolonged sadness or extreme happiness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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