Psychological Disorders: Mental Illness
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Questions and Answers

What criteria do psychologists and psychiatrists use to define mental disorders?

  • Statistical Rarity, Subjective Distress, Impairment, Biological Dysfunction (correct)
  • Symptom Severity, Onset Age, Cultural Background, Environmental Influence
  • Physical Health, Emotional Response, Social Functioning, Genetic Predisposition
  • Historical Conceptions, Demonic Model, Medical Model, DSM-5

    • During the Middle Ages, how were mental illnesses often explained?

  • Through biological dysfunction
  • As a result of evil spirits inhabiting the body (correct)
  • By statistical rarity
  • As a physical disorder

    • What model emerged during the Renaissance to explain mental illness?

  • DSM-5 Model
  • Physiological Model
  • Medical Model (correct)
  • Demonic Model

    • What was the focus of the reformers like Phillippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix regarding mental illness treatment?

    <p>Moral Treatment: Treated with dignity, respect, and kindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DSM stand for in the context of mental disorders?

    <p>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main criticism of DSM-5 regarding its diagnostic criteria?

    <p>Reliance on a dimensional model rather than categorical model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

    <p>Continual feelings of worry, anxiety, physical tension, and irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom of Panic Attacks?

    <p>Racing heartbeat and feelings of impending death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

    <p>Diminished interest in pleasurable activities with weight loss and sleep difficulties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Insanity Defence in the legal context?

    <p>To argue that individuals shouldn't be held legally responsible if they weren't 'of sound mind'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hallmark symptom of Schizophrenia?

    <p>Strongly held irrational beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of Dissociative Fugue?

    <p>Sudden travel away from home accompanied by amnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates Borderline Personality Disorder from Antisocial Personality Disorder?

    <p>Alternating between worshipping and hating partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is primarily characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception?

    <p>Dissociative Identity Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary problem associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

    <p>Inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is characterized by superficial charm, dishonesty, manipulativeness, self-centeredness, and risk-taking?

    <p>Psychopathic Personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary problem associated with Dissociative Fugue?

    <p>Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In relationships, individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder alternate between __________ partners.

    <p>worshipping and loving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common characteristic of Depersonalization Disorder?

    <p>Feeling of detachment like observing oneself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder involves disturbances in attention, thinking, language, emotion, and relationships?

    <p>Schizophrenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of Dissociative Amnesia?

    <p>Inability to recall important personal information related to stressful experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is mainly influenced by genetics but can also be triggered by stressful events?

    <p>Bipolar Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinctive feature of Dissociative Identity Disorder?

    <p>Presence of two or more distinct identities (Alters)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary problem associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

    <p>Inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion for defining mental disorders relies on the presence of emotional pain for individuals affected?

    <p>Subjective Distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Middle Ages, odd behaviors were often attributed to the presence of ___.

    <p>Evil spirits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key focus of reformers like Philippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix in treating mental illness?

    <p>Moral treatment with dignity and kindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model viewed mental illness as a physical disorder requiring treatment during the Renaissance?

    <p>Medical Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Statistics for defining mental disorders are used primarily due to their ___ nature.

    <p>Statistical rarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion for defining mental disorders focuses on interference with people's everyday functioning?

    <p>Impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common practice during the Middle Ages to address odd behaviors associated with mental illness?

    <p>Exorcisms and witch hunts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Breakdowns or failures of physiological systems' are associated with which criterion for defining mental disorders?

    <p>'Biological Dysfunction'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main criticisms of the DSM-5 in relation to its diagnostic criteria?

    <p>Reliance on a categorical model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of mental disorders, what is a distinguishing feature of the Dimensional Model compared to the Categorical Model?

    <p>Focuses on the severity of symptoms rather than their presence or absence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Somatic Symptom Disorders from other anxiety-related disorders?

    <p>They are characterized by physical symptoms with psychological origins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Illness Anxiety Disorder from other anxiety disorders?

    <p>It involves a persistent fear of having a serious disease despite no evidence of illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates Panic Disorder from other anxiety disorders?

    <p>It involves repeated, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concerns about future attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) from other anxiety-related disorders?

    <p>It involves repeated and lengthy immersion in obsessions and/or compulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) from other mood disorders?

    <p>It features a combination of symptoms including depressed mood, weight loss, and sleep difficulties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature that differentiates Mood Disorders from other types of mental disorders?

    <p>Involvement of emotional disturbances such as prolonged sadness or extreme happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

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