40 Questions
What criteria do psychologists and psychiatrists use to define mental disorders?
Statistical Rarity, Subjective Distress, Impairment, Biological Dysfunction
During the Middle Ages, how were mental illnesses often explained?
As a result of evil spirits inhabiting the body
What model emerged during the Renaissance to explain mental illness?
Medical Model
What was the focus of the reformers like Phillippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix regarding mental illness treatment?
Moral Treatment: Treated with dignity, respect, and kindness
What does DSM stand for in the context of mental disorders?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What is the main criticism of DSM-5 regarding its diagnostic criteria?
Reliance on a dimensional model rather than categorical model
What is the main characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
Continual feelings of worry, anxiety, physical tension, and irritability
What is the most common symptom of Panic Attacks?
Racing heartbeat and feelings of impending death
What is the key feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
Diminished interest in pleasurable activities with weight loss and sleep difficulties
What is the purpose of the Insanity Defence in the legal context?
To argue that individuals shouldn't be held legally responsible if they weren't 'of sound mind'
What is a hallmark symptom of Schizophrenia?
Strongly held irrational beliefs
What is a common characteristic of Dissociative Fugue?
Sudden travel away from home accompanied by amnesia
What differentiates Borderline Personality Disorder from Antisocial Personality Disorder?
Alternating between worshipping and hating partners
Which disorder is primarily characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception?
Dissociative Identity Disorder
What is the primary problem associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?
Inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptoms
Which disorder is characterized by superficial charm, dishonesty, manipulativeness, self-centeredness, and risk-taking?
Psychopathic Personality
What is the primary problem associated with Dissociative Fugue?
Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or workplace
In relationships, individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder alternate between __________ partners.
worshipping and loving
What is the common characteristic of Depersonalization Disorder?
Feeling of detachment like observing oneself
Which disorder involves disturbances in attention, thinking, language, emotion, and relationships?
Schizophrenia
What is the hallmark symptom of Dissociative Amnesia?
Inability to recall important personal information related to stressful experiences
Which disorder is mainly influenced by genetics but can also be triggered by stressful events?
Bipolar Disorder
What is the distinctive feature of Dissociative Identity Disorder?
Presence of two or more distinct identities (Alters)
What is the primary problem associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?
Inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptoms
Which criterion for defining mental disorders relies on the presence of emotional pain for individuals affected?
Subjective Distress
During the Middle Ages, odd behaviors were often attributed to the presence of ___.
Evil spirits
What was a key focus of reformers like Philippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix in treating mental illness?
Moral treatment with dignity and kindness
Which model viewed mental illness as a physical disorder requiring treatment during the Renaissance?
Medical Model
Statistics for defining mental disorders are used primarily due to their ___ nature.
Statistical rarity
Which criterion for defining mental disorders focuses on interference with people's everyday functioning?
Impairment
What was a common practice during the Middle Ages to address odd behaviors associated with mental illness?
Exorcisms and witch hunts
'Breakdowns or failures of physiological systems' are associated with which criterion for defining mental disorders?
'Biological Dysfunction'
What is one of the main criticisms of the DSM-5 in relation to its diagnostic criteria?
Reliance on a categorical model
In the context of mental disorders, what is a distinguishing feature of the Dimensional Model compared to the Categorical Model?
Focuses on the severity of symptoms rather than their presence or absence
What distinguishes Somatic Symptom Disorders from other anxiety-related disorders?
They are characterized by physical symptoms with psychological origins
What distinguishes Illness Anxiety Disorder from other anxiety disorders?
It involves a persistent fear of having a serious disease despite no evidence of illness
What differentiates Panic Disorder from other anxiety disorders?
It involves repeated, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concerns about future attacks
What distinguishes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) from other anxiety-related disorders?
It involves repeated and lengthy immersion in obsessions and/or compulsions
What distinguishes Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) from other mood disorders?
It features a combination of symptoms including depressed mood, weight loss, and sleep difficulties
What is a key feature that differentiates Mood Disorders from other types of mental disorders?
Involvement of emotional disturbances such as prolonged sadness or extreme happiness
Explore the concept of psychopathology and mental illness, including proposed criteria for defining mental disorders such as statistical rarity and subjective distress. Learn about the failure of adaptation to the environment and the emotional pain associated with mental illnesses.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
