Psychological Disorders and Stigma Quiz

Psychoanalytic Perspective

• Unresolved childhood issues can lead to persistent psychological conflicts, manifesting in adult anxiety and dysfunctional behavior.
• Psychoanalytic theory emphasizes the importance of early experiences in shaping personality and mental health.

Conditioning Theories

• Pavlovian (Classical) conditioning pairs stimuli to elicit involuntary responses, while operant conditioning uses reinforcement or punishment to shape voluntary behavior.
• The main difference lies in the type of learning mechanism: Pavlovian associates automatic responses with new stimuli, whereas operant focuses on consequences of actions.

Anxiety Explanation

• From a psychoanalytic perspective, Chloe's anxiety might stem from repressed conflicts or unresolved childhood traumas that influence her current behavior and emotional state.

Cognitive-Behavioral Model

• A significant weakness of the cognitive-behavioral model is its potential oversimplification, neglecting deeper emotional and unconscious factors affecting behavior.

Indicators of Abnormality

• Abnormality is indicated by maladaptive behavior, significant distress, and violation of social norms, impacting daily functioning.

Multidimensional Model

• The multidimensional model integrates biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors to understand complex behaviors and psychopathology effectively.

Avoidance Behavior

• Reinforcement of Chloe's avoidance behavior may stem from temporary relief from anxiety when she avoids stress-inducing situations, creating a cycle of reinforcement.

Psychological Disorder Features

• Features not characteristic of a psychological disorder may include normalization of the behavior or situationally appropriate responses to stressors.

Stigma Consequences

• The stigma associated with mental illness can lead to social isolation, discrimination, and reluctance to seek help, exacerbating the condition.

Mental Health Literacy Programs

• These programs aim to improve awareness and understanding of mental health, enabling individuals to recognize, manage, and seek help for mental disorders.

Assessment Criteria

• Usefulness of an assessment for psychopathology depends on reliability, validity, and utility in providing actionable insights for treatment.

Social Anxiety Maintenance

• Key factors maintaining Jessica's social anxiety may include negative thought patterns, avoidance behaviors, and lack of social skills or support.

Fear vs. Anxiety

• Fear is a response to an immediate threat whereas anxiety is a more diffuse emotional state characterized by apprehension about future threats.

Common Anxiety Disorder

• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is identified as the most common anxiety disorder, presenting with excessive worry and physical symptoms.

Effective Treatment

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is recognized as the most effective treatment for anxiety disorders, focusing on changing thought patterns and behaviors.

PTSD Risk Factors

• Risk factors for developing PTSD include previous trauma exposure, lack of social support, and individual psychological resilience.

Reactive Attachment Disorder vs. DSED

• Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) includes difficulties in forming healthy emotional attachments, while Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) involves inappropriate interactions with unfamiliar adults.

Adjustment Disorder

• Adjustment Disorder is a short-term condition occurring in response to a stressful life event, characterized by emotional and behavioral symptoms that impair functioning.

Test your knowledge on the basics of psychological disorders, including their defining features and impacts on daily life. Learn about the stigma and maltreatment associated with mental illness throughout history. Take this quiz to enhance your understanding of this important topic.