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Questions and Answers
Which class of antidepressants is preferred over others due to less adverse effects?
Which class of antidepressants is preferred over others due to less adverse effects?
- SNRIs
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- MAOIs
- SSRIs (correct)
Which adverse effect is characteristic of tricyclic antidepressants?
Which adverse effect is characteristic of tricyclic antidepressants?
- Orthostatic hypotension (correct)
- Hyperhidrosis
- Nervousness
- Tachycardia
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of MAOIs?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of MAOIs?
- Major depressive disorder
- Unresponsive to other anti-depressive therapy
- Hypertension (correct)
- Tyramine-induced hypertensive crisis
Which adverse effect is associated with atypical antipsychotic drugs?
Which adverse effect is associated with atypical antipsychotic drugs?
Which neurotransmitters are affected by SNRIs?
Which neurotransmitters are affected by SNRIs?
Which condition is treated with tricyclic antidepressant Amitriptyline?
Which condition is treated with tricyclic antidepressant Amitriptyline?
What is the therapeutic level range for lithium?
What is the therapeutic level range for lithium?
What are the signs of lithium toxicity?
What are the signs of lithium toxicity?
How do CNS stimulants help in ADHD?
How do CNS stimulants help in ADHD?
What are the modifiable risk factors for CAD?
What are the modifiable risk factors for CAD?
What is the action of nitroglycerin?
What is the action of nitroglycerin?
What is the recommended route for administering nitroglycerin in acute angina?
What is the recommended route for administering nitroglycerin in acute angina?
What is the mechanism of action of dobutamine?
What is the mechanism of action of dobutamine?
What are the common adverse effects of dopamine?
What are the common adverse effects of dopamine?
What is the main goal of pharmacologic therapy for hypovolemic shock?
What is the main goal of pharmacologic therapy for hypovolemic shock?
What are the adverse effects of norepinephrine (Levophed)?
What are the adverse effects of norepinephrine (Levophed)?
What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers?
What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers?
What is the indication for low dose dopamine?
What is the indication for low dose dopamine?
What are the adverse effects of PDE-5 inhibitors?
What are the adverse effects of PDE-5 inhibitors?
What is the mechanism of action of norepinephrine (Levophed)?
What is the mechanism of action of norepinephrine (Levophed)?
Match the following medication with its mechanism of action:
Match the following medication with its mechanism of action:
Match the following medication with its adverse effects:
Match the following medication with its adverse effects:
Match the following medication with its patient monitoring considerations:
Match the following medication with its patient monitoring considerations:
Match the following medication with its indications for use:
Match the following medication with its indications for use:
Match the medication with its primary action:
Match the medication with its primary action:
Match the medication with its primary use:
Match the medication with its primary use:
Match the medication with its route of administration:
Match the medication with its route of administration:
Match the medication with its contraindication:
Match the medication with its contraindication:
Match the medication with its adverse effects:
Match the medication with its adverse effects:
Match the medication with its patient monitoring requirement:
Match the medication with its patient monitoring requirement:
Match the following antidepressants with their primary use:
Match the following antidepressants with their primary use:
Match the following antidepressants with their adverse effects:
Match the following antidepressants with their adverse effects:
Match the following antidepressants with their patient teaching:
Match the following antidepressants with their patient teaching:
Match the following typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs with their use:
Match the following typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs with their use:
Match the following typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs with their adverse effects:
Match the following typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs with their adverse effects:
Match the following typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs with their patient teaching and monitoring:
Match the following typical vs atypical antipsychotic drugs with their patient teaching and monitoring:
Tricyclic antidepressants block the reuptake of __________ and __________
Tricyclic antidepressants block the reuptake of __________ and __________
MAOIs are contraindicated with certain OTC medications that contain __________
MAOIs are contraindicated with certain OTC medications that contain __________
Typical antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol may cause extrapyramidal effects, which include involuntary facial movements, restlessness, tremor, and __________
Typical antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol may cause extrapyramidal effects, which include involuntary facial movements, restlessness, tremor, and __________
Atypical antipsychotic drugs like olanzapine may lead to sedation and __________ hypotension
Atypical antipsychotic drugs like olanzapine may lead to sedation and __________ hypotension
SSRIs inhibit the reuptake of __________ to increase the amount that circulates in the brain
SSRIs inhibit the reuptake of __________ to increase the amount that circulates in the brain
SNRIs decrease neuronal reuptake of both __________ and __________
SNRIs decrease neuronal reuptake of both __________ and __________
Low dose dopamine is indicated to increase blood flow to the ______
Low dose dopamine is indicated to increase blood flow to the ______
Calcium channel blockers inhibit calcium from moving across cell membranes, leading to a decrease in ______
Calcium channel blockers inhibit calcium from moving across cell membranes, leading to a decrease in ______
The main goal of pharmacologic therapy for hypovolemic shock is to address decreased or ineffective tissue ______
The main goal of pharmacologic therapy for hypovolemic shock is to address decreased or ineffective tissue ______
Norepinephrine (Levophed) causes vasoconstriction and is used to treat hypotension and ______
Norepinephrine (Levophed) causes vasoconstriction and is used to treat hypotension and ______
Dobutamine increases cardiac output and myocardial contractility without much change in heart ______
Dobutamine increases cardiac output and myocardial contractility without much change in heart ______
Phentolamine is an agent for ______
Phentolamine is an agent for ______
Dopamine stimulates receptors of the SNS, causing vasoconstriction and increasing heart ______
Dopamine stimulates receptors of the SNS, causing vasoconstriction and increasing heart ______
Vasopressors are used to treat hypotension and ______
Vasopressors are used to treat hypotension and ______
Stimulants, how they work to help ADHD o CNS stimulants act at the cortex and RAS, increasing stimulation of an immature RAS which leads to more selective response to incoming stimuli â–ª Helps them focus on specific stimuli
Stimulants, how they work to help ADHD o CNS stimulants act at the cortex and RAS, increasing stimulation of an immature RAS which leads to more selective response to incoming stimuli â–ª Helps them focus on specific stimuli
Age related considerations for medication administration o Children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 18 to 24) are at greater risk for suicidal ideation o Increases risk of suicide
Age related considerations for medication administration o Children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 18 to 24) are at greater risk for suicidal ideation o Increases risk of suicide
CAD/MI Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for CAD o Modifiable: â–ª Tobacco use Vasoconstrictor â–ª Sedentary lifestyle â–ª Obesity â–ª Diabetes mellitus Causes inflammation + increased risk for atherosclerosis â–ª HTN â–ª High cholesterol o Non-Modifiable: â–ª Age â–ª Race â–ª Gender
CAD/MI Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for CAD o Modifiable: â–ª Tobacco use Vasoconstrictor â–ª Sedentary lifestyle â–ª Obesity â–ª Diabetes mellitus Causes inflammation + increased risk for atherosclerosis â–ª HTN â–ª High cholesterol o Non-Modifiable: â–ª Age â–ª Race â–ª Gender
What is ADHD o Characterized by developmentally inappropriate behaviors involving difficulty in paying attention or focusing on tasks â–ª Characterized by poor attention span, behavior, control issues, and hyperactivity
What is ADHD o Characterized by developmentally inappropriate behaviors involving difficulty in paying attention or focusing on tasks â–ª Characterized by poor attention span, behavior, control issues, and hyperactivity
What is the main goal of pharmacologic therapy for hypovolemic shock?
What is the main goal of pharmacologic therapy for hypovolemic shock?
Teaching: â–ª Importance of taking med as directed â–ª Do not stop abruptly o Pt. Monitoring: â–ª Monitor for involuntary movement â–ª Monitor for orthostatic hypotension Lithium: Use, Action, Therapeutic Levels, Pt. Teaching, Pt. Monitoring, signs of lithium toxicity o Use: o Action: â–ª Bipolar disorder â–ª Inhibit release of norepinephrine and dopamine, but not serotonin from stimulated neurons o Therapeutic Level: â–ª 0.6 to 1.5 Desired â–ª 1.5 to 2 Mild to Mod toxicity â–ª 2 to 2.5 Mod to Severe toxicity â–ª > 2.5 Life threatening o Pt. Teaching: â–ª Excreted from the kidneys (95%), sweat, and feces The kidneys treat lithium and sodium similarly, which is the reason sodium depletion can significantly elevate lithium â–ª Avoid: Dehydration Sodium depletion Sweating Diarrhea Diuretic Metabolic disorders o Pt. Monitoring: â–ª Lithium Levels Blood levels should be checked by nurses â–ª Sodium â–ª Monitor o Signs of toxicity: â–ª Early: Tremor, V/D, blurred vision and speech â–ª Late: Seizure, coma, arrythmia o Over 1.5 â–ª Lethargy, slurred speech, muscle weakness, N/V complex multiorgan toxicity = death
Teaching: â–ª Importance of taking med as directed â–ª Do not stop abruptly o Pt. Monitoring: â–ª Monitor for involuntary movement â–ª Monitor for orthostatic hypotension Lithium: Use, Action, Therapeutic Levels, Pt. Teaching, Pt. Monitoring, signs of lithium toxicity o Use: o Action: â–ª Bipolar disorder â–ª Inhibit release of norepinephrine and dopamine, but not serotonin from stimulated neurons o Therapeutic Level: â–ª 0.6 to 1.5 Desired â–ª 1.5 to 2 Mild to Mod toxicity â–ª 2 to 2.5 Mod to Severe toxicity â–ª > 2.5 Life threatening o Pt. Teaching: â–ª Excreted from the kidneys (95%), sweat, and feces The kidneys treat lithium and sodium similarly, which is the reason sodium depletion can significantly elevate lithium â–ª Avoid: Dehydration Sodium depletion Sweating Diarrhea Diuretic Metabolic disorders o Pt. Monitoring: â–ª Lithium Levels Blood levels should be checked by nurses â–ª Sodium â–ª Monitor o Signs of toxicity: â–ª Early: Tremor, V/D, blurred vision and speech â–ª Late: Seizure, coma, arrythmia o Over 1.5 â–ª Lethargy, slurred speech, muscle weakness, N/V complex multiorgan toxicity = death
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