PSYCH107 Chapter 5 Quiz

Chemical Senses

• Olfaction (smell) and gustation (taste) are classified as chemical senses because they utilize sensory receptors that react to molecules found in food and air.

Cross-Cultural Differences in Odor Perception

• Research by Ayabe-Kanamura et al. (1998) highlights that the capability to identify odors and assess their pleasantness and intensity varies among different cultures.

Congenital Analgesia

• Individuals with congenital analgesia have an increased risk of shorter life spans due to untreated injuries and secondary infections resulting from those injuries.

Neuropathic and Inflammatory Pain

• Neuropathic pain arises from damage to the peripheral nervous system, not the brain.
• Pain signaling tissue damage is referred to as inflammatory pain, not neuropathic pain.

Vestibular Sense Misunderstanding

• A common misconception is that the vestibular sense includes olfaction, gustation, and audition; it actually pertains to balance and spatial orientation.

Gestalt Psychology and Perception

• Gestalt psychology emphasizes that perception extends beyond merely integrating sensory information—it suggests that stimuli are perceived as holistic entities.

Implicit Prejudice in Weapon Identification

• Studies indicate that implicit biases influence perception, leading to faster identification of weapons associated with racial stereotypes, particularly with Black imagery.

Principle of Proximity in Perception

• The principle of proximity explains that words are perceived based on their spacing; letters grouped without spaces create confusion, while spaced letters clearly form recognizable words.

Whole vs. Parts in Gestalt Psychology

• The central idea of Gestalt psychology is that a whole is different and more meaningful than just the mere sum of its parts.

Subliminal Messaging

• Research shows that individuals can process and respond to subliminal messages without conscious awareness in controlled settings.

Misconceptions About Deaf Culture

• Contrary to some beliefs, many in Deaf culture do not advocate for immediate cochlear implants for children, emphasizing the value of sign language and deaf identity.

Types of Deafness

• Ravon, born deaf, is classified as having congenital deafness, indicating that the condition was present at birth.

Taste Perception

• Besides the basic taste sensations of sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, humans also detect umami (savory) and fat content in food.

Pattern Perception and Verbal Priming

• Research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) suggests that verbal priming can skew the interpretation of ambiguous images, affecting how patterns are perceived.

Function of Cochlear Implants

• Cochlear implants facilitate hearing by converting sound waves into signals that directly stimulate the auditory nerve, transmitting sound information to the brain.

Signal Detection Theory Applications

• Originally formulated by Swets in 1964 to enhance air traffic controllers’ sensitivity to identify aircraft, signal detection theory analyzes how various factors influence perception.

Sensation Definition

• Sensation is mistakenly defined in some contexts as the organization and interpretation of sensory information; it actually refers to the initial process of detecting stimuli through sensory receptors.