Psych107 Chapter 5 Quiz and Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses?

They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe.

Which of the following was demonstrated by the 1998 research of Ayabe-Kanamura, Saito, Distel, Martínez-Gómez, & Hudson?

The ability to taste food varies cross-culturally.

The ability to identify an odor and rate its pleasantness and intensity varies cross-culturally. (correct)

The ability to rate pleasantness varies cross-culturally.

The ability to identify an odor varies cross-culturally.

Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to ________.

their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? 'Neuropathic pain is pain from damage to neurons of either the brain or central nervous system.'

The word 'brain' should be changed to the word 'peripheral.' Signup and view all the answers

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? 'Pain that signals some type of tissue damage is known as neuropathic pain.'

The word 'neuropathic' should be changed to the word 'inflammatory.' Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the vestibular sense is false?

The vestibular sense is divided into olfaction, gustation, and audition. Signup and view all the answers

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt. Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition called for someone born without the ability to experience pain?

congenital analgesia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about olfactory receptors is false?

They are bulb-like structures at the tip of the frontal lobe where the olfactory nerves begin. Signup and view all the answers

Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when paired with a Black person. What does this imply about perception?

Perceptions are influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes. Signup and view all the answers

How does the principle of proximity explain the difference in understanding these two sentences: 'Gre eng rass gr ow son themoun tain.' and 'Green grass grows on the mountain.'?

We group letters of a given word together because there are no spaces between letters, and we perceive words because there are spaces between each word. Signup and view all the answers

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? 'The central tenet of Gestalt psychology is that the pattern is different from the sum of its parts.'

The word 'pattern' should be changed to the word 'whole.' Signup and view all the answers

What has research shown about processing subliminal messages?

In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about deaf culture is false?

Deaf individuals believe children should receive a cochlear implant as soon as possible after birth. Signup and view all the answers

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness.

congenital Signup and view all the answers

In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste groupings do we possess?

umami and fat content Signup and view all the answers

What has research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) demonstrated about pattern perception?

Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures. Signup and view all the answers

How does a cochlear implant enable the deaf to hear?

It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain. Signup and view all the answers

What was the original focus of Swets' (1964) signal detection theory?

improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is false about sensation?

Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Senses

Olfaction (smell) and gustation (taste) are classified as chemical senses because they utilize sensory receptors that react to molecules found in food and air.

Cross-Cultural Differences in Odor Perception

Research by Ayabe-Kanamura et al. (1998) highlights that the capability to identify odors and assess their pleasantness and intensity varies among different cultures.

Congenital Analgesia

Individuals with congenital analgesia have an increased risk of shorter life spans due to untreated injuries and secondary infections resulting from those injuries.

Neuropathic and Inflammatory Pain

Neuropathic pain arises from damage to the peripheral nervous system, not the brain.
Pain signaling tissue damage is referred to as inflammatory pain, not neuropathic pain.

Vestibular Sense Misunderstanding

A common misconception is that the vestibular sense includes olfaction, gustation, and audition; it actually pertains to balance and spatial orientation.

Gestalt Psychology and Perception

Gestalt psychology emphasizes that perception extends beyond merely integrating sensory information—it suggests that stimuli are perceived as holistic entities.

Implicit Prejudice in Weapon Identification

Studies indicate that implicit biases influence perception, leading to faster identification of weapons associated with racial stereotypes, particularly with Black imagery.

Principle of Proximity in Perception

The principle of proximity explains that words are perceived based on their spacing; letters grouped without spaces create confusion, while spaced letters clearly form recognizable words.

Whole vs. Parts in Gestalt Psychology

The central idea of Gestalt psychology is that a whole is different and more meaningful than just the mere sum of its parts.

Subliminal Messaging

Research shows that individuals can process and respond to subliminal messages without conscious awareness in controlled settings.

Misconceptions About Deaf Culture

Contrary to some beliefs, many in Deaf culture do not advocate for immediate cochlear implants for children, emphasizing the value of sign language and deaf identity.

Types of Deafness

Ravon, born deaf, is classified as having congenital deafness, indicating that the condition was present at birth.

Taste Perception

Besides the basic taste sensations of sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, humans also detect umami (savory) and fat content in food.

Pattern Perception and Verbal Priming

Research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) suggests that verbal priming can skew the interpretation of ambiguous images, affecting how patterns are perceived.

Function of Cochlear Implants

Cochlear implants facilitate hearing by converting sound waves into signals that directly stimulate the auditory nerve, transmitting sound information to the brain.

Signal Detection Theory Applications

Originally formulated by Swets in 1964 to enhance air traffic controllers’ sensitivity to identify aircraft, signal detection theory analyzes how various factors influence perception.

Sensation Definition

Sensation is mistakenly defined in some contexts as the organization and interpretation of sensory information; it actually refers to the initial process of detecting stimuli through sensory receptors.

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Description

Test your knowledge on olfaction and gustation in PSYCH107 Chapter 5. This quiz covers essential concepts regarding chemical senses and cross-cultural studies in perception. Perfect for reviewing pages 166-183 from the textbook.

PSYCH107 Chapter 5 Quiz