PSYC 322 Final Exam Review

The process of obtaining informed consent involves ensuring that a patient understands the nature of their health condition, treatment options, and potential risks and benefits involved in those options. It emphasizes the patient's right to make autonomous decisions about their health care.

Palliative care focuses on providing comfort and improving the quality of life for individuals facing serious illnesses. It aims to manage pain, symptoms, and emotional distress, offering support to both the patient and their family.

The Framingham Heart Study is a long-term, observational study launched in 1948 in Framingham, Massachusetts, to investigate risk factors and lifestyle factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study has provided valuable insights into the development and progression of CVD.

Hypertension is a condition characterized by persistently high blood pressure, which can contribute to various cardiovascular diseases. It's categorized into stages based on blood pressure measurements: Stage 1 (mild) and Stage 2 (severe).

Arteriosclerosis refers to the hardening and thickening of artery walls, which can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. It's a broader term encompassing various conditions, including atherosclerosis.

The common-sense model (CSM) of illness behaviors views individuals as active problem solvers who make decisions based on their beliefs, knowledge, perceptions, skills, and environment.

Confirmation bias is a cognitive bias where people tend to favor information that confirms their existing beliefs and ignore or downplay contradictory evidence.

Illusory correlation occurs when people perceive a relationship between two variables that doesn't actually exist or is weaker than they believe it to be.

Attributions are explanations people come up with to understand the causes of events or behaviors, including their own and those of others.

The self-fulfilling prophecy is a phenomenon where our beliefs about a situation can influence our behavior in ways that make those beliefs come true.

Stereotyping refers to oversimplified and often inaccurate generalizations about entire groups of people.

Hypochondriasis, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a condition where people are excessively worried about having a serious illness despite reassurance from medical professionals.

Treatment adherence refers to the extent to which individuals follow the recommendations of their healthcare providers, including taking prescribed medications, attending appointments, and making lifestyle changes.

The five major forms of adaptation are physiological, psychological, social, behavioral, and cognitive. These adaptations represent different ways individuals adjust to changes in their environment or life circumstances.

Quality of life indicators are measures used to assess an individual's overall well-being and satisfaction with their life. These indicators include physical health, mental health, social relationships, and financial security, among others.

Optimism and hope are crucial for coping with difficult times. Optimism involves having a positive outlook and believing in a favorable future, while hope involves a sense of anticipation and desire for a better tomorrow.

Individual adaptations are personal adjustments an individual makes to cope with life's challenges, while interpersonal adaptations involve changes in how individuals interact with others to adjust to a situation.

Families and neighborhoods play a significant role in an individual's adaptation. Family support networks offer emotional and practical assistance, while neighborhoods provide social connections and resources.

A deliberate departure from prescribed medical advice, often due to personal beliefs or experiences.