PSY231 Evolutionary Psychology Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

What is a possible unintended consequence of selecting for tameness in animals?

  • Enhanced hunting abilities
  • Changes in physical traits unrelated to tameness (correct)
  • Reduced reproductive rates
  • Increased lifespan of the species
  • Which of the following criteria is NOT used to determine an adaptation?

  • Reliability
  • Efficiency
  • Economy
  • Complexity (correct)
  • What adaptive problem does a preference for fatty and sugary foods address?

  • Meeting energy demands during famine
  • Providing essential vitamins
  • Enhancing social bonds
  • Solving food scarcity issues (correct)
  • Who coined the term 'fixed action patterns' in ethology?

    <p>Konrad Lorenz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Darwin's theory of Natural Selection primarily explain?

    <p>The purposive nature of biodiversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon does the 'Crazy Bastard Hypothesis' relate to?

    <p>The evolution of aggression in males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of human psychology does integrating biology and evolutionary principles aim to clarify?

    <p>The origins of jealousy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered one of the important ingredients of Natural Selection?

    <p>Genotypic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the theory of evolution, what does 'adaptation' refer to?

    <p>Specific solutions developed for reproduction challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In evolutionary psychology, what behavior is commonly associated with Yanomami males?

    <p>Aggression toward neighboring tribes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criticism was raised against Darwin's theory regarding evolutionary change?

    <p>It does not explain the mechanism of inheritance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT represent a topic discussed in the context of human evolutionary psychology?

    <p>The origins of friendship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Gregor Mendel's work influence the understanding of inheritance?

    <p>It demonstrated that traits are transferred as discrete units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the initial observations Darwin made regarding the finches he collected?

    <p>They showed significant differences from each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept did Darwin introduce to explain how species adapt to their environment?

    <p>Natural Selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the concept of 'differential reproductive success' significant in Natural Selection?

    <p>It explains how some variations lead to greater reproductive success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key concept proposed by Thomas Malthus that influenced Darwin's studies?

    <p>Organisms exist in numbers greater than their survival capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which figure is associated with the notion of inheritance of acquired characteristics?

    <p>Jean Baptiste Lamarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the observation of more skull injuries in male skeletons suggest?

    <p>Males are more likely to engage in aggressive encounters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the adaptation of a bird's beak to its diet illustrate in evolutionary biology?

    <p>Natural selection favors variations that enhance survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main idea is suggested by the trends observed in fossil records regarding male and female skeletons?

    <p>Males experience more physical confrontations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Charles Darwin's major work is known for introducing what concept?

    <p>The concept of natural selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant criticism of Darwinian theory?

    <p>It fails to explain the evolution of social behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately reflects an advantage of Darwin's theory?

    <p>It explains the adaptability of organisms to their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of partial adaptations in evolutionary biology?

    <p>They can still confer incremental survival and reproductive advantages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best illustrates Darwin’s theory of sexual selection?

    <p>Peacocks displaying elaborate plumage to attract mates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do founder effects play in evolution?

    <p>They can lead to population bottlenecks and decreased variation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the process of evolution?

    <p>Evolutionary change can occur over variable timescales.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can artificial selection influence the evolution of a species?

    <p>By allowing specific traits to be intentionally propagated by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can partial features like a partial eye still be advantageous?

    <p>They may offer some benefits that aid in survival despite being incomplete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misconception about evolution is clarified in the content?

    <p>Giraffes extend their necks intentionally for future generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key advantages of Darwinian evolution stated in the content?

    <p>It explains the emergence of new species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Housekeeping Rules

    • Arrive on time to class.
    • Keep phones on silent mode.
    • Excuse yourself quietly from class if needed for personal business (e.g., phone call, emergency leave, or break).
    • Be respectful to others in the class.
    • Participate when asked.

    Foods and Drinks in Class

    • Food and drinks are permitted.
    • Consume food and drinks discreetly.
    • Raise your hand if you have a question during the lecture.
    • Contact your instructors via email if you need to be away or want to plan an in-class announcement in advance.

    PSY231 - Evolutionary Psychology

    • Chapter 1 introduces evolutionary psychology.
    • The chapter discusses the origins and nature of the subject of evolutionary psychology.
    • The section presents the key figures of pre-Darwinian era, including Lamarck and Malthus.
    • The text briefly discusses Charles Darwin's influence in proposing the theory of natural selection.

    Understanding Evolution

    • The concept of "evolution" is explained.
    • The main points of Darwin's understanding of natural selection, such as the diversity of finches from Galapagos, are highlighted and analyzed.
    • Criticisms to Darwin's theory, such as the lack of mechanism for inheritance and religious objections, are also mentioned.
    • The text expands on the advantages of Darwinian evolution as a theory, which is helpful in understanding modern science.
    • The "Gene's Eye" Thinking perspective and artificial selection are introduced and further discussed.
    • The section further examines how the concept of adaptations can be determined based on standards such as reliability, economy, and efficiency.
    • The concept of sexual selection is introduced.
    • Relevant topics such as jealousy and important evolutionary theory contributions are discussed.
    • Skeletons of males have more fractures and dents than those of females.
    • Most injuries in male skulls are located on the left frontal side, which suggests right-handed attacks.

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    Description

    Dive into Chapter 1 of PSY231, which introduces the fundamental principles of evolutionary psychology. Explore the origins, key figures, and the impact of Darwinian theory on this intriguing field. Test your understanding of the concepts discussed to enhance your knowledge.

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