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Questions and Answers
What does API stand for in the context of biochemical tests?
What does API stand for in the context of biochemical tests?
- Analytical Profile Index (correct)
- Analytical Power Identifier
- Applied Profile Indicator
- Acidic Profile Identification
What is a key identifying characteristic of Vibrio cholerae on TCBS agar?
What is a key identifying characteristic of Vibrio cholerae on TCBS agar?
- Yellow colonies indicating sucrose fermentation (correct)
- Greenish-blue colonies
- Colorless colonies
- No growth observed
Which of the following statements is true concerning Vibrio cholerae culture characteristics?
Which of the following statements is true concerning Vibrio cholerae culture characteristics?
- V.cholerae is non-hemolytic on blood agar
- V.cholerae colonies are always large and colorless on MacConkey's agar
- V.cholerae produces β-hemolytic colonies on blood agar (correct)
- V.cholerae shows no growth in alkaline peptone water
After 18-24 hours of incubation, which result indicates the organism inoculated in the API 20NE strip?
After 18-24 hours of incubation, which result indicates the organism inoculated in the API 20NE strip?
What is the microscopic morphology of Vibrios as identified under Gram staining?
What is the microscopic morphology of Vibrios as identified under Gram staining?
What biochemical test result is expected for Vibrio cholerae when growing on Kligler Iron Agar (KIA)?
What biochemical test result is expected for Vibrio cholerae when growing on Kligler Iron Agar (KIA)?
Which of the following Vibrio species is known to be a common cause of gastroenteritis?
Which of the following Vibrio species is known to be a common cause of gastroenteritis?
What characteristic differentiates non-sucrose fermenting Vibrios on TCBS agar?
What characteristic differentiates non-sucrose fermenting Vibrios on TCBS agar?
What color indicates the presence of alkaline reaction in Kligler Iron Agar for Pseudomonas?
What color indicates the presence of alkaline reaction in Kligler Iron Agar for Pseudomonas?
Which characteristic is NOT true for Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies growing on Blood agar?
Which characteristic is NOT true for Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies growing on Blood agar?
In the O-F test, what indicates an oxidative result for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
In the O-F test, what indicates an oxidative result for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
What pigment is produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, giving it a blue color?
What pigment is produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, giving it a blue color?
Which nutrient medium does NOT support the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Which nutrient medium does NOT support the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
How do Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies appear on MacConkey's agar?
How do Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies appear on MacConkey's agar?
Which result from the O-F test suggests that Alcaligens faecalis is non-saccharolytic?
Which result from the O-F test suggests that Alcaligens faecalis is non-saccharolytic?
What characteristic odor is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies?
What characteristic odor is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies?
Flashcards
What is API 20NE?
What is API 20NE?
API stands for Analytical Profile Index. It's a system of 20 biochemical tests used to identify bacteria to the species level.
What does 'NE' in API 20NE stand for?
What does 'NE' in API 20NE stand for?
API 20NE is specifically designed for identifying non-enteric bacteria. This means it's not designed for bacteria commonly found in the intestines.
What is Vibrio cholerae?
What is Vibrio cholerae?
Vibrio cholerae is a bacteria that causes cholera, a severe diarrheal disease. It's known for its comma-shaped morphology and single flagellum.
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas
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Pseudomonas colony
Pseudomonas colony
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Pyocyanin
Pyocyanin
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MacConkey's agar
MacConkey's agar
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Kligler Iron Agar (KIA)
Kligler Iron Agar (KIA)
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O-F Test (Oxidative-Fermentative Test)
O-F Test (Oxidative-Fermentative Test)
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Oxidase Test
Oxidase Test
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API 20NE Identification
API 20NE Identification
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Study Notes
Pseudomonas
- Gram-negative rods, strict aerobes, and motile
- Non-fermenter
- Oxidase positive
- Produce acid from carbohydrates by oxidation in the presence of oxygen
- Can grow in tap water, IV fluids, distilled water, antiseptics, detergents, and equipment
- Colonies are medium to large in size, smooth, greenish (pyoverdin) pigment diffused into the medium, and have a fruity smell.
- On blood agar, colonies are large, flat, and often hemolytic.
- On MacConkey's agar, colonies are colourless and non-lactose fermenting.
- Biochemical tests include KIA, Oxidase test, O-F test (oxidative-fermentative), and API 20NE identification.
- KIA interpretation: results are typically alkaline/alkaline, no gas production, and no H2S production.
- Oxidase test is positive in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- O-F Test determines glucose metabolism by fermentation (anaerobic) or oxidation (aerobic) in gram-negative organisms.
- API 20NE identification is a 20-biochemical test kit used to identify bacteria to the species level by identifying specific enzymes produced.
Vibrios
- Gram-negative curved rods (comma-shaped)
- Important species include Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus.
- Vibrio cholerae has a single flagellum at one end.
- On TCBS agar, colonies of V. cholerae often produce yellow colonies indicating sucrose fermentation.
- V. parahaemolyticus, V. mimicus, and V. vulnificus produce greenish-blue colonies on TCBS agar and do not ferment sucrose.
- On MacConkey's agar, V. cholerae colonies are small, colourless, and non-lactose fermenting.
- Grows in alkaline peptone water.
- On blood agar, V. cholerae 01 and 0139 often produce beta-hemolytic colonies.
- Biochemical tests include KIA, Oxidase test, and API 20NE identification.
- KIA interpretation: results are usually alkaline/alkaline or alkaline/acidic, no gas production, and no H2S production.
- Oxidase test is positive in V. cholerae.
- API 20NE identification is used to identify bacteria to the species level using a 20-biochemical test kit.
- Serological identification using specific antiserum can be used to identify V. cholerae. O1 and O139 serogroups are common. These serogroups have distinct antigens recognizable by serological tests, allowing for differentiation.
- V. cholerae has 3 serotypes, Ogawa, Inaba, and Hikojima. Monovalent antisera are needed to differentiate these.
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