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Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic feature of protozoan parasites?
What is a characteristic feature of protozoan parasites?
- Multiplication only outside the host
- Presence of a nucleus, cytoplasm, an outer limiting membrane, and organelles (correct)
- Lack of a nucleus and organelles
- Dependence on a dry environment for survival
Which of the following is NOT an organelle associated with the apical complex of protozoan parasites?
Which of the following is NOT an organelle associated with the apical complex of protozoan parasites?
- Pseudopodia
- Cilia
- Flagella
- Mitochondria (correct)
What is the function of cysts in protozoan parasites' life cycle?
What is the function of cysts in protozoan parasites' life cycle?
- Resistant to environmental changes (correct)
- Required for reproduction
- Specifically for locomotion
- Only present outside the host
Which Phylum do most of the major protozoan parasites causing diseases in humans belong to?
Which Phylum do most of the major protozoan parasites causing diseases in humans belong to?
What distinguishes Subphylum Mastigophora from Subphylum Sarcodina under Phylum Sarcomastigophora?
What distinguishes Subphylum Mastigophora from Subphylum Sarcodina under Phylum Sarcomastigophora?
Which subphylum includes Giardia and Leishmania?
Which subphylum includes Giardia and Leishmania?
What type of locomotion organelles do species in Phylum Ciliophora possess?
What type of locomotion organelles do species in Phylum Ciliophora possess?
What structure is found at the anterior end of members of Phylum Apicomplexa?
What structure is found at the anterior end of members of Phylum Apicomplexa?
Which class includes Plasmodia and Toxoplasma among its important parasites?
Which class includes Plasmodia and Toxoplasma among its important parasites?
Which phylum consists of spore-forming parasites with a polar tube extrusion apparatus?
Which phylum consists of spore-forming parasites with a polar tube extrusion apparatus?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Protozoan Parasites
- A characteristic feature of protozoan parasites is the presence of an apical complex.
Apical Complex
- The apical complex of protozoan parasites consists of organelles such as rhoptries and micronemes.
- Mitochondria is NOT an organelle associated with the apical complex of protozoan parasites.
Life Cycle of Protozoan Parasites
- Cysts play a crucial role in the life cycle of protozoan parasites, enabling them to survive extreme environmental conditions and infect new hosts.
Classification of Protozoan Parasites
- Most major protozoan parasites causing diseases in humans belong to Phylum Sarcomastigophora.
- Phylum Sarcomastigophora is divided into two subphyla: Subphylum Mastigophora and Subphylum Sarcodina.
- Subphylum Mastigophora distinguishes itself from Subphylum Sarcodina by the presence of flagella.
- Subphylum Mastigophora includes Giardia and Leishmania.
Phylum Ciliophora
- Species in Phylum Ciliophora possess cilia as their locomotion organelles.
Phylum Apicomplexa
- The anterior end of members of Phylum Apicomplexa features a complex structure called the apical complex.
- The class Sporozoea includes important parasites such as Plasmodia and Toxoplasma.
Phylum Microsporidia
- Phylum Microsporidia consists of spore-forming parasites characterized by a polar tube extrusion apparatus.
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