Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What did Rutherford discover in 1919?
What is the mass of a proton?
What is the actual charge of a neutron?
What does the atomic number (Z) of an element represent?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an isotope of an element?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the atomic mass of an element represent?
Signup and view all the answers
Why are all atoms of an element identical in atomic number?
Signup and view all the answers
What determines the average relative atomic mass (A) of an element?
Signup and view all the answers
Which term describes atoms with different numbers of neutrons but the same atomic number?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Rutherford's Discovery
- In 1919, Rutherford discovered the proton, a positively charged particle in the atomic nucleus.
Subatomic Particles
- The mass of a proton is approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu).
- A neutron has no actual charge, being electrically neutral.
Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
- The atomic number (Z) of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
- The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is known as the mass number (A).
- The atomic mass of an element represents the total mass of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
- The atomic mass is usually a weighted average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
Isotopes and Atomic Number
- An isotope of an element is a variant of the element with a different number of neutrons in the nucleus, but the same atomic number (Z).
- All atoms of an element are identical in atomic number because they have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
- The average relative atomic mass (A) of an element is determined by the relative abundance of its isotopes.
Isotopes and Atomic Mass
- Atoms with different numbers of neutrons but the same atomic number are referred to as isotopes of an element.
- The term "isotope" is used to describe these variations in atomic mass due to differing neutron counts.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the discovery and properties of protons, including their formation from alpha particles, positive charge, mass in comparison to electrons, and contribution to the positive charge of a nucleus.
