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Questions and Answers
Which term best describes the behavior of some members of the clergy in the medieval Roman Catholic Church?
What motivated some secular rulers to challenge the authority of the Catholic Church?
What characterized the higher clerical offices in the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages?
What was the main issue that Martin Luther had with the sale of indulgences?
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What action did Martin Luther take after drafting the Ninety-five Theses?
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What was the outcome of the meeting in Augsburg where Martin Luther was summoned by church authorities?
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How did Luther's view on salvation differ from the official teachings of the Roman Catholic Church?
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How did the printing press aid Martin Luther in spreading his message?
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Study Notes
Medieval Catholic Church
- Simony, defined as the buying or selling of church offices, best describes the behavior of some members of the clergy in the medieval Roman Catholic Church.
Challenges to Church Authority
- Secular rulers challenged the authority of the Catholic Church, motivated by the desire to gain control over Church lands, revenues, and appointments to high-ranking positions.
Higher Clerical Offices
- During the Middle Ages, higher clerical offices in the Catholic Church were characterized by nepotism, where offices were often purchased or inherited.
Martin Luther and Indulgences
- Martin Luther's main issue with the sale of indulgences was that they implied salvation could be bought, contradicting his belief that salvation comes from faith alone.
The Ninety-Five Theses
- After drafting the Ninety-Five Theses, Martin Luther nailed them to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, sparking the Protestant Reformation.
Confrontation with Church Authorities
- When summoned by church authorities to a meeting in Augsburg, Martin Luther refused to retract his statements, leading to his excommunication.
View on Salvation
- Luther's view on salvation differed from the official teachings of the Roman Catholic Church, as he believed salvation comes through faith alone, whereas the Church taught that good works and sacraments were necessary for salvation.
The Printing Press
- The printing press aided Martin Luther in spreading his message by allowing for mass production of his writings, making them widely available and contributing to the rapid spread of his ideas.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the origins and factors leading to the Protestant Reformation which began in 1517. Learn about the criticism of the Catholic Church, the influence of wealth and power, and the impact on European society.
