Proteins and Their Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What do proteins do in the form of enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and globulins?

  • Catalyze, regulate, and protect the body chemistry (correct)
  • Hold together, protect, and provide structure to the body
  • Transport oxygen and other natural α-amino acids
  • Effect the breakdown of amino acids

What is the primary structural unit of proteins?

  • Polypeptides (correct)
  • Globulins
  • Lipoproteins
  • Enzymes

How are dietary proteins related to essential amino acids?

  • Dietary proteins are not a source of essential amino acids
  • Dietary proteins inhibit the absorption of essential amino acids
  • Dietary proteins are the source of essential amino acids (correct)
  • Dietary proteins contain all amino acids except the essential ones

What is the meaning of the Greek word 'proteios' from which the term 'proteins' is derived?

<p>First (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of boiling aqueous acid or base with proteins?

<p>Yields an assortment of small molecules identified as α-aminocarboxylic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of amino acids make up a protein?

<p>$20$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of amino acids can be obtained through our diet?

<p>Essential amino acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insulin?

<p>Hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What bonds connect the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of the other amino acid in a protein chain?

<p>Peptide bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is determined by the sequence of amino acids in the protein chain?

<p>Primary Structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of secondary structure has a right-handed coiled strand?

<p>α-helix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding makes the α-helix structure especially stable?

<p>Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen of each C=O bond and the hydrogen of each N-H group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tertiary structure shows specific local structural conformations dependent on hydrogen bonding?

<p>ß-sheet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classifies proteins based on their sequence of amino acids in the chain?

<p>Primary Structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural conformation consists of pairs of strands lying side-by-side, with carbonyl oxygens in one strand bonding with the amino hydrogens of the adjacent strand?

<p>ß-sheet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural unit of proteins?

<p>Amino acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding makes the α-helix structure especially stable?

<p>Hydrogen bonding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is determined by the sequence of amino acids in the protein chain?

<p>Primary structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of boiling aqueous acid or base with proteins?

<p>Hydrolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do proteins do in the form of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and various lipoproteins?

<p>Effect the transport of oxygen and other substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are dietary proteins related to essential amino acids?

<p>Dietary proteins are the source of essential amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of proteins carries out the function of transporting nutrients across cell membranes?

<p>Globulins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of protein structure is the sequence of amino acids in the protein chain determined?

<p>Primary Structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding is responsible for making the α-helix structure especially stable?

<p>Hydrogen Bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of secondary structure consists of pairs of strands lying side-by-side, with carbonyl oxygens in one strand bonding with the amino hydrogens of the adjacent strand?

<p>ß-sheet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid conformation depends on hydrogen bonding and consists of right-handed coiled strands with stable hydrogen bonds?

<p>α-helix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of insulin, a type of protein?

<p>Hormone Regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein can fight infectious agents in living organisms?

<p>Globulins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the local structural conformations of proteins dependent on hydrogen bonding?

<p>Secondary Structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of bond connects the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the amino group of another amino acid in a protein chain?

<p>Peptide bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what form do some proteins function as within living organisms?

<p>Enzyme form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins formed by and what type of bond connects their amino acids to each other?

<p>Formed by amino acids; connected by peptide bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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