Proteins and Amino Acids Chain Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the first amino acid incorporated into any new protein?

  • Methionine (correct)
  • Glycine
  • Leucine
  • Lysine

In which direction are amino acid residues listed when describing a chain of amino acids?

  • Side chain to backbone
  • Random order
  • C-terminus to N-terminus
  • N-terminus to C-terminus (correct)

What feature defines an oligopeptide?

  • More than 100 amino acids
  • Less than 10 amino acids
  • 12-20 amino acids (correct)
  • Exactly 50 amino acids

What is the spatial arrangement of atoms that can result from movement without breaking bonds called?

<p>Conformation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins have a spherical shape with as little surface area per volume as possible?

<p>Globular proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature makes globular proteins highly soluble in water?

<p>Hydrophilic amino acids on the surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom might occur if a vessel carrying sickled cells is blocked in the lungs?

<p>Fever and difficulty breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are carriers of sickle cell disease more resistant to malaria?

<p>Sickle RBCs have an irregular shape that makes it difficult for malaria parasites to thrive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is NOT a weak non-covalent interaction that helps in protein folding?

<p>Covalent bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can disrupt the interactions that keep proteins folded and cause them to denature?

<p>Guanidine hydrochloride (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can protein misfolding lead to?

<p>Toxic protein clump (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are prions composed entirely of?

<p>Protein aggregates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate expression for a first order reaction?

<p>$v = -k\frac{d[A]}{dt}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reaction has a rate expression involving the square of the reactant concentration?

<p>Second order reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the gradient of [P] vs. Time represent in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

<p>Rate of reaction (velocity) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is initial velocity often used in the study of enzyme kinetics?

<p>To prevent depletion of substrate as a confounding factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the velocity of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction change with increasing [substrate]?

<p>Velocity increases and approaches a limiting value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At high substrate concentrations, what determines the limit on the velocity of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

<p>Conditions like temperature, pH, and amount of enzyme present (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do changes in pH affect enzyme activity at the active site?

<p>Alter the ionization of amino acid residues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to enzyme activity above an optimal temperature?

<p>Denaturation occurs, leading to decreased activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In enzyme kinetics, what is the significance of determining the order of reaction?

<p>It reveals how substrate concentration impacts the reaction rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in thermal energy affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

<p>Increases the proportion of substrates reaching the transition state (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does heat have on enzymes when above an optimal temperature?

<p>Disrupts molecular interactions and leads to denaturation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the rate of reaction in enzyme kinetics expressed?

<p>$v = \frac{d[P]}{dt}$ or $v = -\frac{d[A]}{dt}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theoretical value of Vmax in Michaelis-Menten kinetics?

<p>Occurs at very high substrate concentrations when the enzyme is completely saturated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic makes Michaelis-Menten plots difficult for determining Vmax and Km?

<p>Small substrate concentration required (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Michaelis constant Km measure?

<p>Affinity of the enzyme for its substrate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the turnover number Kcat represent in Michaelis-Menten kinetics?

<p>Number of substrates converted into product per enzyme molecule per unit time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Michaelis-Menten kinetics, what does a small Km indicate about an enzyme's affinity for its substrate?

<p>High affinity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the large substrate concentration requirement pose a disadvantage in Michaelis-Menten kinetics?

<p>Increases experimental complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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