Protein Synthesis Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the monomers of a protein?

  • Nucleotides
  • Glucose
  • Fatty acids
  • Amino acids (correct)

Where are proteins made in a eukaryotic cell?

  • On the cell membrane
  • In the nucleus
  • On the ribosomes in the cytoplasm (correct)
  • In the mitochondria

What contains the instructions to create proteins?

  • RNA
  • Ribosomes
  • DNA (correct)
  • Amino acids

What are units of DNA that contain code for the creation of a protein called?

<p>Genes (B)</p>
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What is the relationship between gene expression and protein synthesis?

<p>They are often considered the same process (A)</p>
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What is the function of gene expression in different cell types?

<p>To 'turn on' specific genes for needed proteins (D)</p>
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What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

<p>Contains instructions to assemble amino acids in a specific order (A)</p>
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Why do different cell types look and function differently despite having the same genes?

<p>They 'turn on' different genes for specific protein production (B)</p>
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What is a gene?

<p>A segment of DNA that contains the code for a specific protein or functional RNA molecule (A)</p>
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What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?

<p>DNA contains the instructions for assembling amino acids in a specific order to make proteins (C)</p>
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What are amino acids?

<p>The building blocks of proteins, linked together in a specific sequence (C)</p>
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What is the molecule that can bind to other monomers to form a polymer?

<p>Amino acid (C)</p>
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Where are proteins made in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>Cytoplasm (C)</p>
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Does DNA directly make protein ?

<p>No (A)</p>
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Do all human cells have the same genes?

<p>Yes, for the most part (A)</p>
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How many genes are there in approximately every human cell?

<p>22,000 genes (A)</p>
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Are the genes in every human cell identical?

<p>For the most part, yes (C)</p>
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Why do cells in a multicellular organism have different proteins?

<p>Because different genes are expressed in different cell types (C)</p>
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What is the main reason for the diversity of proteins in a multicellular organism?

<p>Differences in gene expression (A)</p>
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What determines the proteins produced in different cell types of a multicellular organism?

<p>Expression of different genes (B)</p>
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What determines the proteins produced in different cell types of a multicellular organism?

<p>Gene expression (A)</p>
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What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

<p>Providing the genetic code for protein production (A)</p>
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What are the units of DNA that contain the code for the creation of a protein called?

<p>Genes (A)</p>
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