Protein Structure: Secondary Structures

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Questions and Answers

What type of bonding is responsible for the formation of secondary structures in a polypeptide?

  • Hydrogen bonding between the peptide backbone atoms (correct)
  • Van der Waals interactions between the alpha-helices
  • Covalent bonding between the R groups
  • Ionic bonding between side chains

In which type of structure do the R groups (side chains) point away from the helix?

  • Tertiary structure
  • Quaternary structure
  • Beta-pleated sheets
  • Alpha-helix (correct)

What type of structure is formed by the assembly of multiple polypeptides?

  • Alpha-helix
  • Secondary structure
  • Tertiary structure
  • Quaternary structure (correct)

What experimental technique is considered the gold standard for determining the 3D structure of proteins?

<p>X-ray crystallography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ramachandran plot show for amino acids in a protein?

<p>Allowable torsion angles for forming certain secondary structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of structure is held together by different chemical interactions between side chains or between a side chain and the peptide backbone atoms?

<p>Tertiary structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter order from smallest to largest for beta-turns, 310 helix, and pi-helix?

<p>$\pi$-helix &gt; $310$ helix &gt; beta-turns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein is formed by 2 or more identical subunits or polypeptide chains?

<p>$4$ different homo-multimeric proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What holds together the tertiary structure of a protein?

<p>Different chemical interactions between side chains or between a side chain and the peptide backbone atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating dilution factor (DF)?

<p>Target final volume / Initial concentration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what pH does the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye have a blue color?

<p>pH &gt; 2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stabilizes the anionic, blue form of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye?

<p>Electron donation from the protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength of maximum absorption of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye when it is not yet bound to a protein?

<p>$470-595$ nm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to prepare the Bradford reagent?

<p>Methanol and glacial acetic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the dilution factor (DF) calculated in the context of protein samples in the Bradford assay?

<p>$4000 imes Final hinspace volume$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration of the dilute solution if the concentration of the stock solution is 300 ug/uL and the dilution factor is 150?

<p>$2$ ug/uL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the traditional one-step preparation solute volume for a 400 uL solution at a dilution factor of 4000?

<p>$0.1$ uL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In step dilution, what are two smaller dilution factors used to achieve a target larger dilution factor of 40?

<p>$4$ and $10$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall dilution factor (DF) with respect to stock solution when preparing a 400 uL solution at a 1:4000 dilution using step dilution with an intermediate solution?

<p>$40$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the binding of dye to protein allow according to the text?

<p>Enhances protein conformation change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combination will result in a green color for Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250?

<p>pH &gt; 2 with no net charge of the dye. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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