Biochemistry
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Questions and Answers

The primary structure of protein is

  • Helical structure of protein.
  • 3D structure of protein
  • Sub unit structure of protein.
  • Linear equence of amino acid joined together by peptide bond. (correct)

    • Alpha helix has

  • 3.4 amino acid residues/turns
  • 3.6 amino acid residues/turns (correct)
  • 3.8 amino acid residues/turns
  • 3.0 amino acid residues/turns

    • Disulphite bonds are formed between

  • Cysteine residues that are close together (correct)
  • Cystein residues that are close together
  • Proline residues that are close together
  • Histidine residues that are close together

    • Haemoglobin has

    <p>Quartenary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which amino acid imidazole group and aromatic ring formed

    <p>histidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these amino acid is not optically active

    <p>Glycine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    how is secondary structure of protein stabilized

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sunlight is required to synthesize vitamin ____.

    <p>VITAMIN D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ vitamin we get only from green leafy vegetables

    <p>VITAMIN K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _____amino acid does not show optical activity.

    <p>Glycine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sources of vitamin C

    <p>citrus fruits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scientific name of vitamin A

    <p>Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proline gives yellow colour when react with ninhydrin

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define amino acid ?

    <p>It is a biomolecule consists of two functional group carboxylic group and amino group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parallel beta plated sheet show cross H Bond formation

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define steroid hormone

    <p>These are chemical messengers that transfer signals from one cell to other cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Building block of hormone is cholesterol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non essential amino acid are synthesized in our body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give name of amino acid which are ketogenic .

    <p>Lysine and leucine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define simple protein?

    <p>They are made up of only amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Receptor for steroid hormone is present in nucleus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the bond present in protein structure

    <p>Peptide bond, hydrogen bond,covalent bond ,disulphite bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sources of vitamin B5

    <p>Avocado, broccoli,tomatoes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___vitamin helps in blood clotting

    <p>VITAMIN K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vitamin given to pregnant lady

    <p>VITAMIN B9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define essential amino acid?

    <p>These are amino acid which are consumed from outside the body in form of foods or drinks they cannot be synthesized in our body .</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define zwitter ion?

    <p>An ion that contains two functional group both +ve and -ve charges are combine some times .</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give name of fat soluble vitamin.

    <p>VITAMIN A,D,E,K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define partially incomplete protein?

    <p>They lack few number of amino acid which are absent .</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid belong to both hydroxyl as well as aromatic group.

    <p>Tyrosine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define isoelectric pH?

    <p>The pH at which zwitter ion is determined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give example of homopolysaccharides

    <p>Starch &amp; cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucose is keto sugar.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Example of hexose sugar.

    <p>Glucose, fructose,etc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define fatty acids?

    <p>These are building block of fats in our body the food we eat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define monosaccharides.

    <p>These are polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone which cannot be decomposed by hydrolysis to give simpler molecule .</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pH range is

    <p>1-14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The water is non polar molecule

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Buffer has ability to prevent

    <p>pH range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rop of dew on a leaf per their spherical appearance due to cohesion,adhesion,and surface tention.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Expand NADPH

    <p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give two examples of reducing sugars.

    <p>Sucrose,la ctose, maltose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write common chemical formula for monosaccharides.

    <p>C⁶H¹²O⁶</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ Storage polysaccharides found in animals.

    <p>Glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Starch is a mixture of ___ and ___ subunits.

    <p>Amylose and amylose pectin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an essential fatty acid

    <p>Linoleic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HDL is called as good cholesterol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ provides the structural strength for their role in connective tissue.

    <p>Colagen(fibrous tissue)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Disease due to deficiency of vitamin C is.

    <p>Scarvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Expand IEP

    <p>Iso electric pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give two examples of non polar amino acids.

    <p>Methionine, Arginine, LAH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write common chemical formula of amino acid.

    <p>P-C-COOH,NH²H²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Elastase cause construction of elastin of lungs

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proteins of hair or iris which contain melanin is

    <p>U melanin and fio melanin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Protein Structure and Components

    • Primary structure of proteins refers to the unique sequence of amino acids.
    • Alpha helix structure features hydrogen bonding that stabilizes its shape.
    • Disulfide bonds form between cysteine residues, contributing to protein stability.
    • Hemoglobin functions as an oxygen carrier, comprising four polypeptide chains and heme groups.

    Amino Acids and Their Properties

    • Imidazole group and aromatic ring are found in histidine.
    • Glycine is the only amino acid that is not optically active due to having two identical hydrogen atoms.
    • Secondary structure of proteins is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between backbones of amino acids.
    • Proline reacts with ninhydrin to yield a characteristic yellow color, as it has a unique cyclic structure.

    Vitamin Synthesis and Function

    • Sunlight is required to synthesize vitamin D, which is crucial for calcium metabolism.
    • Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting.
    • Sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits, strawberries, and green vegetables.
    • Vitamin A is scientifically known as retinol and is found in foods like carrots and liver.

    Hormones and Proteins

    • Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble and regulate various physiological processes by binding to specific receptors.
    • Cholesterol serves as the building block for steroid hormones.
    • Non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body, while essential amino acids must be obtained through the diet.

    Protein Classification

    • Ketogenic amino acids, such as leucine and lysine, can be converted into ketone bodies.
    • Simple proteins lack complex structures and are made up of only amino acids.
    • Partially incomplete proteins do not provide all essential amino acids in sufficient amounts.

    Chemistry of Amino Acids

    • Zwitter ions are dipolar ions that have both positive and negative charges but are overall electrically neutral.
    • Isoelectric pH is the point at which an amino acid has no net charge, influencing solubility and migration in electric fields.

    Carbohydrates and Fatty Acids

    • Examples of homopolysaccharides include starch and cellulose, made up of repeating units of the same monosaccharide.
    • Glucose is a keto sugar, while fructose serves as an example of a hexose sugar.
    • Fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxylic acid group, vital for lipid formation.
    • Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar units.

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