Protein Structure and Functional Role Hypothesis Quiz

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What is the purpose of stacking the gel on top of a membrane after the initial electrophoresis?

To amplify the signal from secondary antibodies

To block the membrane with an inert protein

To migrate protein bands onto the membrane (correct)

To expose the membrane to primary antibodies

What is the function of the inert protein used in blocking the membrane?

Bind all areas of the membrane not already bound by protein bands (correct)

Amplify the signal from primary antibodies

Prevent migration of proteins on the gel

Enhance the enzymatic reaction of the secondary antibodies

What is the purpose of exposing the membrane to primary antibodies specific to the protein of interest in a Western blot?

Amplify the signal from secondary antibodies

Bind specifically to the primary antibodies (correct)

Couple to an enzyme system

Remove unbound antibodies

What kind of reaction does the covalently linked enzyme (e.g., horseradish peroxidase) perform in Western blot upon addition of a specific substrate?

Color reaction Signup and view all the answers

What do the dark bands on an SDS-PAGE gel stained with Coomassie represent?

All proteins in the mixture Signup and view all the answers

How does western blotting aid in determining if a specific protein is present in a sample?

By blotting with anti-protein kinase antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a stop codon is encountered in the A-site during translation?

Translation is terminated Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ribosome after termination of translation?

It dissociates and releases the newly formed protein Signup and view all the answers

How is the growing peptide transferred during elongation?

It is transferred to the A-site tRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the extra positively-charged amino acids on the surface of marine animals' myoglobin?

To help repel neighboring molecules and prevent aggregation Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone acts on the liver to promote glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis when blood glucose levels are low?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone is insulin?

Peptide Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone travels through the bloodstream?

Hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone promotes the generation of energy in the form of ATP in muscle when it is required for exercise?

Epinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional role of the hydrogen bond between the hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen of a peptide linkage and the carbonyl atom of the fourth amino acid?

It stabilizes the protein structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the geometric constriction due to in an alpha helix?

The requirement of the carbonyl oxygen of residue i to be hydrogen bonded to the amide nitrogen of residue i + 4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall dipole moment in an alpha helix?

The amide N-H bonds are polarized and the carbonyls are also polarized Signup and view all the answers

What is the directionality in an alpha helix?

The amino terminus and carboxyl terminus Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid has the greatest tendency to form into an alpha helix?

Alanine Signup and view all the answers

How can the free energy change of each amino acid be measured?

Comparing it to the free energy change of alanine Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate for entry into glycolysis?

Phosphoglucomutase Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the breakdown of glycogen by catalyzing the phosphorolysis process?

Glycogen phosphorylase Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is used as energy by glycogen synthase during the synthesis of glycogen?

UTP Signup and view all the answers

What signal indicates to store available glucose as glycogen?

High concentrations of glucose-6-phosphate Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is first produced in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and signals enough substrate for the cycle to proceed?

Citrate Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for down-regulating glycolysis when ATP levels are adequate?

End-product inhibition by ATP Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the dephosphorylation of enzymes by phosphatase in glycogen metabolism?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of glycogen from glucose-1-phosphate?

Glycogen synthase Signup and view all the answers

What does phosphoglucomutase convert glucose-1-phosphate to, during glycogen breakdown?

Glucose-6-phosphate Signup and view all the answers

Protein Structure and Functional Role Hypothesis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of stacking the gel on top of a membrane after the initial electrophoresis?

What is the function of the inert protein used in blocking the membrane?

What is the purpose of exposing the membrane to primary antibodies specific to the protein of interest in a Western blot?

What kind of reaction does the covalently linked enzyme (e.g., horseradish peroxidase) perform in Western blot upon addition of a specific substrate?

What do the dark bands on an SDS-PAGE gel stained with Coomassie represent?

How does western blotting aid in determining if a specific protein is present in a sample?

What happens when a stop codon is encountered in the A-site during translation?

What happens to the ribosome after termination of translation?

How is the growing peptide transferred during elongation?

What is the primary function of the extra positively-charged amino acids on the surface of marine animals' myoglobin?

Which hormone acts on the liver to promote glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis when blood glucose levels are low?

Which type of hormone is insulin?

Which type of hormone travels through the bloodstream?

Which hormone promotes the generation of energy in the form of ATP in muscle when it is required for exercise?

What is the functional role of the hydrogen bond between the hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen of a peptide linkage and the carbonyl atom of the fourth amino acid?

What is the geometric constriction due to in an alpha helix?

What is the overall dipole moment in an alpha helix?

What is the directionality in an alpha helix?

Which amino acid has the greatest tendency to form into an alpha helix?

How can the free energy change of each amino acid be measured?

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate for entry into glycolysis?

What initiates the breakdown of glycogen by catalyzing the phosphorolysis process?

Which molecule is used as energy by glycogen synthase during the synthesis of glycogen?

What signal indicates to store available glucose as glycogen?

Which molecule is first produced in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and signals enough substrate for the cycle to proceed?

What is responsible for down-regulating glycolysis when ATP levels are adequate?

What stimulates the dephosphorylation of enzymes by phosphatase in glycogen metabolism?

Which enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of glycogen from glucose-1-phosphate?

What does phosphoglucomutase convert glucose-1-phosphate to, during glycogen breakdown?

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Protein Structure and Functional Role Hypothesis Quiz

Podcast Beta

Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of stacking the gel on top of a membrane after the initial electrophoresis?

What is the function of the inert protein used in blocking the membrane?

What is the purpose of exposing the membrane to primary antibodies specific to the protein of interest in a Western blot?

What kind of reaction does the covalently linked enzyme (e.g., horseradish peroxidase) perform in Western blot upon addition of a specific substrate?

What do the dark bands on an SDS-PAGE gel stained with Coomassie represent?

How does western blotting aid in determining if a specific protein is present in a sample?

What happens when a stop codon is encountered in the A-site during translation?

What happens to the ribosome after termination of translation?

How is the growing peptide transferred during elongation?

What is the primary function of the extra positively-charged amino acids on the surface of marine animals' myoglobin?

Which hormone acts on the liver to promote glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis when blood glucose levels are low?

Which type of hormone is insulin?

Which type of hormone travels through the bloodstream?

Which hormone promotes the generation of energy in the form of ATP in muscle when it is required for exercise?

What is the functional role of the hydrogen bond between the hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen of a peptide linkage and the carbonyl atom of the fourth amino acid?

What is the geometric constriction due to in an alpha helix?

What is the overall dipole moment in an alpha helix?

What is the directionality in an alpha helix?

Which amino acid has the greatest tendency to form into an alpha helix?

How can the free energy change of each amino acid be measured?

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate for entry into glycolysis?

What initiates the breakdown of glycogen by catalyzing the phosphorolysis process?

Which molecule is used as energy by glycogen synthase during the synthesis of glycogen?

What signal indicates to store available glucose as glycogen?

Which molecule is first produced in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and signals enough substrate for the cycle to proceed?

What is responsible for down-regulating glycolysis when ATP levels are adequate?

What stimulates the dephosphorylation of enzymes by phosphatase in glycogen metabolism?

Which enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of glycogen from glucose-1-phosphate?

What does phosphoglucomutase convert glucose-1-phosphate to, during glycogen breakdown?

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