22 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a common dietary fuel?
Alcohol
Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells?
Insulin
What is the caloric value of carbohydrates per gram?
4 Calories
Which fuel store in the body has the highest energy storage capacity?
Fats
What stimulates insulin secretion?
High blood glucose
Which organ is a major consumer of glucose?
Brain
Which of the following is true about glucose utilization in skeletal muscle?
Muscle can store excess glucose as glycogen.
What is the caloric value of proteins?
4 Calories per gram
Which of the following is true about the fates of amino acids?
Amino acids are converted into glucose in the liver.
What is the minimum protein requirement for an average adult human?
56 grams per day
During prolonged fasting, what is the main source of fuel for the body?
Lipolysis of triacylglycerols in adipocytes
What happens to glucose uptake by the brain during prolonged fasting?
It decreases
What is the fate of lactate formed from anaerobic glycolysis in red blood cells during prolonged fasting?
It is taken up by the liver for conversion into glucose via gluconeogenesis
What is the effect of prolonged fasting on the breakdown of muscle proteins into amino acids?
It decreases
Which of the following is true about kwashiorkor and marasmus?
Kwashiorkor results from insufficient intake of calories but sufficient intake of protein
Which macronutrient contains the highest caloric value per gram?
Fats
What is the primary form of fat found in food?
Triglycerides
What is the primary storage form of glucose in our body?
Glycogen
During fasting, the blood glucose level drops initially, but is then maintained at a lowered level by gluconeogenesis from non-carbohydrate sources.
Fatty acids
During the fed state, insulin promotes the synthesis of glycogen from excess glucose in the liver. Glucose is taken up by the brain and is converted to acetyl CoA via glycolysis and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetyl CoA then enters the TCA cycle where it is oxidized to form carbon dioxide. Subsequently, ATP is generated via oxidative phosphorylation.
Carbon dioxide
Urea excretion is very low when consuming glucose only. It increases markedly in the initial phase of fasting, because muscle proteins are supplying amino acids for gluconeogenesis.
Urea
Glycogen is hydrated to four times its weight by water. 50 kg X 4 = 200 kg of glycogen
75%
Test your knowledge on protein deficiency disorders in children with this quiz. Learn about the differences between kwashiorkor and marasmus, their symptoms, and the impact on overall health. Challenge yourself to understand the importance of dietary protein and the role it plays in preventing these conditions.
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