Protein Deficiency and Marasmus
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of enzymes as a type of protein?

  • To store nutrients
  • To provide structural support
  • To transport oxygen
  • To speed up chemical reactions (correct)

How do proteins function in the immune system?

  • By providing stored energy for muscle use
  • By forming antibodies to protect against disease (correct)
  • By regulating glucose levels in the blood
  • By maintaining hydraulic pressure in cells

Denaturation in proteins affects which of the following?

  • The synthesis of new peptides
  • The three-dimensional structure of the protein (correct)
  • The binding affinity of hormones
  • The protein's ability to transport molecules

Which of the following statements regarding the functions of proteins is true?

<p>Proteins can also act as energy sources when required. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component of proteins is primarily responsible for catalytic activity?

<p>Amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of proteins in maintaining acid-base balance?

<p>Proteins help directly maintain the pH levels in the body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of protein denaturation typically involve?

<p>Structural changes due to extreme environment conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect can extreme pH levels have on proteins?

<p>They can denature proteins and affect their function. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

<p>Generating energy exclusively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What health complication can arise if intestinal bacteria translocate into the bloodstream due to insufficient protein intake?

<p>Septicemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group exhibits the most pronounced effects of slow growth due to inadequate protein consumption?

<p>Children (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does low protein intake specifically impact the immune system's functionality?

<p>It weakens the ability to fight infections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of marasmus, a severe form of malnutrition?

<p>Inadequate intake of protein, energy, and other nutrients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with marasmus?

<p>Edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which demographic is marasmus most frequently observed?

<p>Young children, especially under age 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element might be found in amino acids, in addition to carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?

<p>Sulfur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic chemical structure of all amino acids?

<p>A single carbon atom with an amine group and an acid group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for the unique identity of each amino acid?

<p>A distinctive chemical side chain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do side chains influence amino acids?

<p>They give each amino acid its identity and chemical nature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of proteins in biological systems?

<p>Structural support and catalysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is not typically found in amino acids?

<p>Iron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do amino acids play in the synthesis of proteins?

<p>They are the building blocks of proteins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure do amino acids NOT share?

<p>A side chain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of amino acids does the side chain primarily affect?

<p>Hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a lacto-ovo vegetarian consume?

<p>Eggs and dairy products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vegetarian excludes eggs from their diet?

<p>Lacto-vegetarian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an ovo-vegetarian from other types of vegetarians?

<p>They eat eggs but not dairy products. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vegetarian avoids all animal products and by-products?

<p>Vegan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein for sedentary adults?

<p>0.8 g/kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much protein do athletes typically require per kilogram of body weight?

<p>1.2 to 1.7 g/kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total calories should come from protein according to dietary guidelines?

<p>10% to 35% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vegetarian primarily focuses on consuming protein-rich plant foods?

<p>Flexitarian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vegetarian consumes only foods derived from plants and eggs?

<p>Ovo-vegetarian (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary guideline is related to how much protein is required in a balanced diet?

<p>Macronutrient distribution should be 10% to 35% from protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cooking method is most associated with denaturation of proteins?

<p>Freezing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which process in the stomach is denaturation mainly achieved?

<p>Digestion with hydrochloric acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a known cause of protein denaturation?

<p>High sugar concentrations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurs to proteins during the cooking process?

<p>Proteins lose their original structure and function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does high salt concentration affect protein structure?

<p>It disrupts ionic bonds, leading to structural changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vegetarian excludes both dairy and eggs?

<p>Vegan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about protein denaturation?

<p>It can be reversed by cooling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is an example of protein denaturation?

<p>Making meringue by whipping egg whites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vegetarian consumes dairy products but not eggs?

<p>Lacto-vegetarian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor would least likely cause denaturation in proteins during food processing?

<p>Freezing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Protein Deficiency

  • Marasmus is caused by inadequate intake of protein, energy, and other nutrients.
  • Marasmus symptoms include severe wasting of muscle tissue, stunted physical growth, and anemia.
  • Marasmus is most common in young children, especially under the age of 1.

Consequences of Protein Deficiency

  • Impaired digestive function
  • Reduced food absorption
  • Intestinal bacteria entering the bloodstream, causing septicemia
  • Weakened immune system, making it difficult to fight infections
  • Slow growth in children

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Protein Lecture 5 PDF

Description

This quiz explores the effects and symptoms of protein deficiency, focusing on Marasmus, a severe form of malnutrition. Learn about its causes, consequences, and the impact it has on young children, particularly those under one year of age.

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