Chapter 17 : Ear

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with hearing loss?

  • Occupational loud noises
  • Regular exercise (correct)
  • Smoking
  • Aging

What is a common cause of age-related hearing loss?

  • Wax or foreign bodies blocking the ear canal
  • Head injury
  • Cardiovascular risk factors (correct)
  • Infectious disease

Which of the following can contribute to hearing loss?

  • Recreational noises
  • Illnesses
  • Heredity
  • All of the above (correct)

what are risk factors for ears ?

<p> Aging - exposure  Heredity- Family history of age-related hearing loss  Occupational loud noises   Recreational noises   Head injury   Ototoxic medications   Illnesses   Smoking   Cardiovascular risk factors   Infectious disease  Wax or foreign bodies blocking the ear canal   Constant loud noises</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Avoiding sound exposure louder than a washing machine can help reduce the risk of hearing loss.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Participating in recreational activities that involve loud sounds can increase the risk of hearing loss.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Wearing hearing protectors and taking breaks from loud noise environments can help preserve hearing.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended way to reduce the risk of hearing loss?

<p>Listening to extremely loud music for long periods of time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the recommended actions to take in loud noise environments?

<p>Have hearing checked periodically (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should hearing be checked periodically?

<p>After age 50 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended action to take to reduce the risk of hearing loss?

<p>Using instruments to remove ear wax (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the recommended actions to take if hearing loss is detected?

<p>Using devices to improve hearing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection should be treated to reduce the risk of hearing loss?

<p>Ear infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Risk Reduction to Preserve Hearing

<p>Avoid sound exposure louder than a washing machine. ❖ Avoid recreational risks that involve loud sounds or risks of head or ear injury. ❖ Avoid listening to extremely loud music for long periods of time. ❖ Wear hearing protectors and take breaks from the noise in loud noise environments. ❖ Have hearing checked periodically, especially after age 50. Use devices to improve hearing if hearing loss is detected. ❖ Avoid the use of ototoxic drugs when possible. ❖ Get treatment for ear infections as soon as they are noticed ❖ Get treatment for tonsil and adenoid infections and inflammation. ❖ Avoid use of instruments to remove wax from ears due to chance of impacting it further. Seek professional care for wax removal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear conditions with their descriptions:

<p>Presbycusis = Degeneration of cochlea or vestibulocochlear nerve; often begins with loss of hearing of high-frequency sounds and then lower-frequency sounds; age-related hearing loss Tinnitus = Ringing in ear; can be from excessive cerumen, HTN, ototoxic medications, loud noises Vertigo = Inner ear problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear conditions with their associated symptoms:

<p>Presbycusis = Begins with loss of hearing of high-frequency sounds and then lower-frequency sounds Tinnitus = Ringing in ear Vertigo = Inner ear problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear conditions with their potential causes:

<p>Presbycusis = Degeneration of cochlea or vestibulocochlear nerve Tinnitus = Excessive cerumen, HTN, ototoxic medications, loud noises Vertigo = Inner ear problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of presbycusis?

<p>Loss of hearing of high-frequency sounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause tinnitus?

<p>Loud noises (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of vertigo?

<p>Dizziness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear-related terms with their descriptions:

<p>Vertigo = Inner ear problem Subjective = When patient feels like they are spinning Objective = When patient feels like room is spinning Tophi = Gouty uric acid crystal buildup</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear conditions with their associated characteristics:

<p>External ear = Area where post auricular cyst can occur Malignant lesion = Characterized by bleeding Otitis externa (swimmer’s ear) = Caused by fluid staying in ear too long, leading to infection Tophi = Associated with gout and uric acid buildup</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the ear conditions with their symptoms or causes:

<p>Otitis externa = Itchiness, erythema, swelling, pain, pus Subjective vertigo = Patient feels like they are spinning Objective vertigo = Patient feels like room is spinning Malignant lesion = Bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear-related conditions with their descriptions:

<p>Vertigo = Inner ear problem Subjective = When patient feels like they are spinning Objective = When patient feels like room is spinning Tophi = Gouty uric acid crystal buildup</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear conditions with their symptoms:

<p>Otitis externa = Itchiness, erythema, swelling, pain, pus Malignant lesion = Bleeding Post auricular cyst = External ear condition Tophi = External ear condition caused by gout</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear-related terms with their meanings:

<p>Vertigo = Inner ear condition causing a sense of spinning Subjective = Patient's feeling of spinning Objective = Patient's feeling of room spinning Otitis externa = Condition caused by fluid staying in ear too long</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the feeling that the room is spinning?

<p>Vertigo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is caused by the buildup of gouty uric acid crystals in the external ear?

<p>Tophi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is caused by the prolonged presence of fluid in the ear, leading to infection and symptoms such as itchiness, erythema, swelling, pain, and pus?

<p>Otitis externa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following drainage types with their descriptions:

<p>Foul smelling sticky yellow = Otitis externa or impacted foreign body Bloody, purulent = Otitis media with ruptured tympanic membrane Blood or watery discharge = CSF, skull trauma, emergency and report to PCP ASAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their corresponding drainage types:

<p>Otitis externa or impacted foreign body = Foul smelling sticky yellow Otitis media with ruptured tympanic membrane = Bloody, purulent CSF, skull trauma, emergency and report to PCP ASAP = Blood or watery discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with their drainage types:

<p>A condition involving a foreign body or infection in the external ear = Foul smelling sticky yellow A middle ear infection with a ruptured eardrum = Bloody, purulent A serious condition involving skull trauma and cerebrospinal fluid leak = Blood or watery discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drainage is associated with otitis externa or an impacted foreign body?

<p>Foul smelling sticky yellow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drainage should be reported to the primary care physician (PCP) as soon as possible?

<p>Blood or watery discharge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drainage is associated with otitis media with a ruptured tympanic membrane?

<p>Bloody, purulent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions of the tympanic membrane with their descriptions:

<p>Acute otitis media = Ear infection; red, bulging eardrum and diminished/distorted/absent light reflex Serous otitis media = Yellowish, bulging membrane with bubbles behind Chronic otitis media = Obscured, absent landmarks and eardrum thickening Perforated tympanic membrane = Hole from negative pressure, purulent drainage, popping sensation, rupturing of tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions of the tympanic membrane with their symptoms:

<p>Blue/dark red tympanic membrane = Blood behind ear from trauma Scarred tympanic membrane = Visible scars on the tympanic membrane Retracted tympanic membrane = Tympanic membrane appears pulled back or retracted Perforated tympanic membrane = Purulent drainage, popping sensation, rupturing of tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following tympanic membrane conditions with their visual characteristics:

<p>Acute otitis media = Red, bulging eardrum Serous otitis media = Yellowish, bulging membrane with bubbles Chronic otitis media = Obscured, absent landmarks and thickened eardrum Blue/dark red tympanic membrane = Appears blue or dark red due to blood behind ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ear infection is characterized by a red, bulging eardrum and a diminished or absent light reflex?

<p>Acute otitis media (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What visual characteristic is associated with a perforated tympanic membrane?

<p>Hole from negative pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition of the tympanic membrane is characterized by blood behind the ear from trauma?

<p>Blue/dark red tympanic membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their associated ear abnormalities:

<p>Microtia = Abnormal congenital deformity where the external ear and sometimes canal are not fully developed Macrotia = Congenital excessive enlargement of the external ear Tophi = Nontender, hard, cream-colored nodules on the helix or antihelix, containing uric acid crystals Blocked sebaceous glands = Postauricular cysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symptoms with their potential ear conditions:

<p>Redness, swelling, scaling, or itching = Otitis externa Pale blue ear color = Frostbite Painful auricle = Otitis externa or postauricular cyst Tenderness over mastoid process = Mastoiditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match these symptoms with the associated ear conditions:

<p>Enlarged preauricular and postauricular lymph nodes = Infection Ulcerated, crusted nodules that bleed = Skin cancer Tenderness behind ear = Otitis media Painful auricle = Otitis externa or postauricular cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear conditions with their associated descriptions:

<p>Microtia = Abnormal congenital deformity where the external ear and sometimes canal are not fully developed Macrotia = Congenital excessive enlargement of the external ear Tophi = Nontender, hard, cream-colored nodules on the helix or antihelix, containing uric acid crystals Otitis Externa = Redness, swelling, scaling, or itching</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match these conditions to their related symptoms:

<p>Frostbite = Pale blue ear color Otitis externa or postauricular cyst = Painful auricle Mastoiditis = Tenderness over mastoid process Otitis media = Tenderness behind ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their characteristic features:

<p>Skin cancer = Ulcerated, crusted nodules that bleed Postauricular cysts = Blocked sebaceous glands Infection = Enlarged preauricular and postauricular lymph nodes Gout = Tophi</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common characteristic of presbycusis in older adults?

<p>Elongated earlobes with linear wrinkles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cerumen in the ear canal as people age?

<p>It becomes harder and more rigid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential negative consequence of needing hearing aids in older adults?

<p>Negative self-image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ear changes in older adults with their descriptions:

<p>Presbycusis = Common after 50 years of age Elongated earlobes with linear wrinkles = Physical change in the ear structure Harder cerumen = Builds as cilia in ear canal become more rigid Coarse, thick wire-like hair = May grow at ear canal entrance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with the ear-related conditions they describe:

<p>Negative self-image possible = Due to the need for hearing aids Eardrum may appear cloudy = Change in the appearance of the eardrum Presbycusis common after 50 years of age = Age-related hearing loss Coarse, thick wire-like hair may grow at ear canal entrance = Change in hair growth in the ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following older adult ear characteristics with their descriptions:

<p>Presbycusis = Common hearing condition after 50 years of age Elongated earlobes with linear wrinkles = Sign of aging in ear structure Harder cerumen = Occurs when cilia in ear canal become rigid Eardrum may appear cloudy = Potential change in eardrum appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Older patient has Presbycusis and his eardrum is cloudy is this abnormal ?

<p>its common</p> Signup and view all the answers

Assessment findings for older adult

<p>Presbycusis common after 50 years of age ❖ Negative self-image possible d/t need for hearing aids ❖ Elongated earlobes with linear wrinkles ❖ Harder cerumen builds as cilia in ear canal become more rigid ❖ Coarse, thick wire-like hair may grow at ear canal entrance ❖ Eardrum may appear cloudy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the test for our ears ?

<p>whisper , rinne , weber , romberg</p> Signup and view all the answers

Testing EQUILBRIUM

<p>Romberg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do we place the tuning fork when doing a Weber test ?

<p>Top of head (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do we do a whisper test ?

<p>stand behind patient , cover tragus with finger and two syllable word , 2 feet away</p> Signup and view all the answers

Whats considered passing the whisper test?

<p>3/6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Repeating the two syllable word twice is considered ?

<p>hearing loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what test EVALUATES THE CONDUCTION OF SOUND WAVES ?

<p>weber (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Testing patients hearing using the weber test , Patient states " i hear it better in my left ear " what does this mean ?

<p>Conduction in left ear and Sensorineural in right ear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sensorineural damage ?

<p>damage in the inner ear resulting in not being able to send sound to brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is Conductive damage ?

<p>outer ear and tympanic cavity damaged (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

where do we place the tuning fork when using the rinne test ?

<p>mastoid process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what conductions does the rinne test ?

<p>air and bone conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rinne test : patient states heard bone conduction longer than air conduction is this abnormal and is it conductive or sensorineural ?

<p>Abnormal and conductive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the Romberg test ?

<p>Used to test equilibrium and patient stands with feet together with hands on side . once with eyes opened and second time with eyes closed . if patient is cant keep balance = equilibrium is off</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patient states " i heard air conduction longer than bone " what does this mean

<p>Normal/ sensorineural</p> Signup and view all the answers

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