Questions and Answers
What is a forequarter amputation?
Surgical removal of the clavicle, scapula, and entire upper extremity.
What is a shoulder disarticulation amputation?
Surgical removal of the upper extremity through the shoulder.
What is a transhumeral amputation?
Surgical removal of the upper extremity proximal to the elbow joint.
What is an elbow disarticulation amputation?
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What is a transradial amputation?
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What is a wrist disarticulation amputation?
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What is a partial hand amputation?
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What is a digital amputation?
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What are the components of a transradial amputation?
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What are the components of a transhumeral amputation?
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What is a hemicorporectomy amputation?
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What is a hemipelvectomy amputation?
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What is a hip disarticulation amputation?
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What is a transfemoral amputation?
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What is a knee disarticulation amputation?
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What is a transtibial amputation?
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What is a transverse tarsal amputation, also known as chopart?
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What is a tarsometatarsal amputation, also known as lisfranc?
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What are the components/types of transfemoral amputation?
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What are the components of a transtibial amputation?
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What are the advantages of rigid (plaster of Paris) postoperative dressing?
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Study Notes
Amputations
- Forequarter amputation: Complete surgical removal of the clavicle, scapula, and entire upper extremity.
- Shoulder Disarticulation Amputation: Removal of the upper extremity through the shoulder joint.
- Transhumeral amputation: Removal of the upper extremity above the elbow joint.
- Elbow Disarticulation Amputation: Removal of the lower arm and hand at the elbow joint.
- Transradial amputation: Removal of lower arm below the elbow joint.
- Wrist Disarticulation Amputation: Removal of the hand at the wrist joint.
- Partial hand amputation: Removal of part of the hand or fingers at transcarpal, transmetacarpal, or transphalangeal levels.
- Digital amputation: Removal of a finger or toe at metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, or distal interphalangeal levels.
Amputation Components
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Transradial Amputation:
- Socket: Covers two-thirds of the forearm; can be adjusted for movement.
- Suspension: Uses triceps cuff, harness, and cable system.
- Elbow Unit: Attaches to the triceps.
- Wrist Unit: Includes quick range, wrist flexion, and ball/socket options.
- Terminal Device: Options include voluntary opening/closing, body-powered, externally powered, myoelectric, or hybrid devices.
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Transhumeral Amputation:
- Socket: Extends to acromion level; accommodates rotational stability.
- Suspension: Utilizes harness, cable systems, and suction.
- Elbow Unit: May be locking (internal or external).
- Wrist Unit: Similar to transradial with diverse functionalities.
- Terminal Device: Offers opening/closing capabilities with mechanical hands or cosmetic gloves.
Major Limb Amputations
- Hemicorporectomy: Complete surgical removal of the pelvis and both lower extremities.
- Hemipelvectomy: Removal of one half of the pelvis and the entire lower extremity on that side.
- Hip Disarticulation Amputation: Removal of the lower extremity at the pelvis.
- Transfemoral Amputation: Upper portion of the lower extremity removed above the knee joint.
- Knee Disarticulation Amputation: Lower extremity removed through the knee joint.
- Transtibial Amputation: Amputation performed below the knee.
Foot and Ankle Amputations
- Transverse Tarsal Amputation (Chopart): Amputation at talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints; retains plantar flexors but may cause equinus contracture.
- Tarsometatarsal Amputation (Lisfranc): Removal of metatarsals; maintains dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.
Transfemoral Amputation Components
- Socket Types: Quadrilateral or ischial containment.
- Suspension Techniques: Includes lanyard strap, shuttle lock, suction, and vacuum systems.
- Knee Options: Available in single-axis, polycentric, hydraulic, or microprocessor designs.
- Shank Variants: Exoskeletons or endoskeletons covered with foam.
- Foot System: Offers various designs including solid foot and dynamic response capabilities.
Transtibial Amputation Components
- Socket Designs: Options include patellar tendon bearing and supracondylar designs.
- Suspension Methods: Various techniques such as cuffs, corsets, sleeves, and suction mechanisms.
- Knee Units: Typically unnecessary for transtibial prosthetics.
- Shank Options: Similar construction to transfemoral with exoskeleton and endoskeleton designs.
- Foot Systems: Versatile designs including single axis, multi-axial, and powered options.
Advantages/Disadvantages of Rigid Postoperative Dressing
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Advantages:
- Facilitates early ambulation using pylons.
- Enhances circulation and aids in healing.
- Stimulates proprioception and provides protection.
- Supports soft tissue and reduces edema.
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Description
Test your knowledge on amputations and prosthetics with these flashcards focusing on different types of upper extremity amputations. Each card provides a key term and its definition to enhance your understanding of surgical procedures and classifications. Ideal for students and professionals in the medical field.