Podcast
Questions and Answers
What distinguishes a short story from a novel?
What distinguishes a short story from a novel?
- A short story focuses on a single character interest. (correct)
- A short story has a complex plot.
- A short story is typically longer than a novel.
- A short story always has multiple sub-plots.
Which of the following best defines a biography?
Which of the following best defines a biography?
- A fictional account of historical events.
- A story of a certain person's life written by another. (correct)
- A narrative that focuses on a single event in a person's life.
- A story of an individual's life written by himself.
What is the primary purpose of a letter in prose?
What is the primary purpose of a letter in prose?
- To express the author's thoughts and experiences. (correct)
- To narrate a fictional story.
- To provide a factual account of events.
- To critique another literary work.
Which of the following describes satirical prose?
Which of the following describes satirical prose?
What is an autobiography?
What is an autobiography?
What is the main characteristic of prose drama?
What is the main characteristic of prose drama?
How does a diary differ from a journal?
How does a diary differ from a journal?
Which of the following is true about current publications?
Which of the following is true about current publications?
What is literary criticism primarily concerned with?
What is literary criticism primarily concerned with?
What does prose fiction primarily involve?
What does prose fiction primarily involve?
What term describes a character that does not grow or develop throughout a story?
What term describes a character that does not grow or develop throughout a story?
Which character type is specifically known as the secondary character in importance?
Which character type is specifically known as the secondary character in importance?
What type of conflict involves struggles within the protagonist's own mind?
What type of conflict involves struggles within the protagonist's own mind?
In literary analysis, the setting is defined as what?
In literary analysis, the setting is defined as what?
Which character type serves as the hero or heroine in a story?
Which character type serves as the hero or heroine in a story?
What character type is often destroyed by their inner conflict?
What character type is often destroyed by their inner conflict?
What does interpersonal conflict specifically involve?
What does interpersonal conflict specifically involve?
The sequence of events following a main conflict in a story is known as what?
The sequence of events following a main conflict in a story is known as what?
What does the author provide that contributes to revealing a character?
What does the author provide that contributes to revealing a character?
A foil character is typically defined as what?
A foil character is typically defined as what?
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Study Notes
Prose Forms
- Prose Drama: Features dialogues written in prose intended for theatrical performance.
- Essay: A short expository literary composition expressing the author's thoughts, feelings, or experiences. Example: “Where is the Patis?” by Carmen Guerrero Nakpil.
- Prose Fiction: Invented narratives that may present imaginary events as true.
- Novel: A lengthy fictitious narrative comprising a complex plot that includes main and sub-plots, reflecting real-life characters and actions. Example: “Without Seeing The Dawn” by Stevan Javellana.
- Short Story: A brief fictional narrative focused on a single character or emotion within a unified time, place, and action. Example: “Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez-Benitez.
Biography and Autobiography
- Biography: A detailed account of someone's life written by another author who knows them well. Example: “Cayetano Arellano” by Socorro O. Alberto.
- Autobiography: A self-written account detailing the author's own life. Example: “A Woman with No Face” by Pilar Pilapil.
Other Prose Forms
- Letter: A written message revealing the author's psychological insights. It holds significance through its style and content.
- Diary: A daily record of the writer's personal experiences and thoughts.
- Journal: A periodical publication focused on serious or academic subjects.
Types of Prose Based on Subject Matter
- Historical Prose: Narratives concerning historical events.
- Scientific Prose: Focused on scientific topics and discoveries.
- Satirical Prose: Ridicules human follies and vices.
- Current Publications: Books, magazines, or newspapers relevant to the present time.
- Literary Criticism: Analysis and evaluation of literary works, not limited to finding faults.
- Book Review: An article assessing the content and literary quality of a book, particularly recent publications.
Characters in Literature
- Characterization: Revealed through actions, descriptions, dialogue, statements by others, and the author's commentary.
- Flat Character: A one-dimensional character who lacks development and depth, often a stereotype.
- Protagonist: The central hero or heroine of the story.
- Antagonist: Opposes the protagonist, serving as a foil.
- Deuteragonist: The second most important character.
- Fringe Character: A minor figure often defeated by internal struggles.
Setting
- Setting: The time and place where the story unfolds, also referred to as the background.
Conflict in Literature
- Conflict: The central struggle driving the narrative, involving opposition between characters or forces.
- Types of Conflict:
- Internal Conflict: The protagonist's inner struggle, involving conflicting emotions or decisions.
- Interpersonal Conflict: A direct confrontation between the protagonist and another character.
- External Conflict: The protagonist faces societal values or forces outside themselves.
Narrative Structure
- The progression of events, including the beginning, middle, and ending, shaped by the main conflict driving the action.
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