Questions and Answers
What does PNF stand for?
PNF is a combination of functionally based ________ patterns.
diagonal
PNF is an approach to therapeutic exercise that combines functionally based diagonal patterns of movement with techniques of neuromuscular facilitation to evoke _______ _________ and improve neuromuscular control and function.
motor responses
PNF increases control and doesn't allow _______ to take over.
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When are PNF techniques useful during rehab?
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PNF techniques can be used to develop muscular ______ and ________; to facilitate _________, _______, neuromuscular _______, and __________ movements; and to lay a foundation for the restoration of ________.
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It's not considered PNF unless (2) are used to elicit motor responses.
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What are the specific sensory cues used in PNF?
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When performing PNF exercises, if we have the body part in the wrong place or facing the wrong direction, what will we elicit?
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How do we get the sensory receptors to signal where we want them to move?
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During PNF exercises, what should the patient do visually?
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When working with patients, which is best?
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What do the stronger muscle groups of diagonal patterns facilitate the responsiveness of?
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PNF patterns and techniques are an important form of resistance exercise for the development of what?
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What are the patterns of movement associated with PNF?
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What does multiplanar mean?
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When using diagonal patterns, will only one group of muscles contract?
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How many patterns are used for each extremity, and what are they called?
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Diagonal 1 and diagonal 2 can be performed in which two ways?
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Diagonal 1 and diagonal 2 are further broken down into what?
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Diagonal 1 flexion is the exact opposite of what?
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Diagonal patterns are identified by the motions that occur at which points?
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Diagonal patterns are named after what?
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In D1 flexion, the shoulder is moving into what?
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In D1 extension, the shoulder is moving into what?
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What are the component motions for shoulder D1 flexion?
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What are the component motions for shoulder D1 extension?
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Study Notes
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Overview
- PNF is a therapeutic exercise method aimed at enhancing neuromuscular control and function.
- It incorporates functionally based diagonal movement patterns combined with neuromuscular facilitation techniques to elicit motor responses.
Techniques and Purpose
- PNF techniques are applicable throughout the rehabilitation process, from early tissue healing using isometric movements to final rehabilitation phases with high-velocity movements.
- It focuses on developing muscular strength, endurance, stability, mobility, control, coordinated movements, and restoring overall function.
Key Elements of PNF
- Essential for PNF practice are diagonal patterns and sensory cues which foster motor responses.
- Specific sensory cues include proprioceptive, cutaneous, visual, and auditory inputs to guide movement.
Implementation Details
- Proper positioning is crucial; misalignment can lead to incorrect responses during PNF exercises.
- Patients should visually track the motion, reinforcing their connection to the movement.
Instructional Strategies
- Providing specific and concise instructions is more effective than lengthy explanations when guiding patients in PNF exercises.
- Strong muscle groups in diagonal patterns assist in activating the responsiveness of weaker muscle groups.
Patterns of Movement
- PNF involves multijoint, multiplanar, diagonal, and rotational movements of the extremities, trunk, and neck.
- Multiplanar refers to movement across multiple planes rather than just one.
Muscle Group Engagement
- PNF diagonal patterns involve the simultaneous or sequential contraction of multiple muscle groups.
- Two specific diagonal patterns (Diagonal 1 and Diagonal 2) are used for each extremity, which can occur in either flexion or extension.
Breakdown of Diagonal Patterns
- Diagonal 1 and Diagonal 2 are further divided into four components: D1 flexion, D1 extension, D2 flexion, and D2 extension.
- The identification of diagonal patterns is based on the position of the shoulder or hip at the end of the movement.
Shoulder Movement Components
- In shoulder D1 flexion, movements include flexion, adduction, and external rotation.
- In shoulder D1 extension, movements transition into extension, while shoulder D2 flexion and extension involve different component actions, crucial for understanding PNF dynamics.
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Test your knowledge of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) with these flashcards. The quiz covers key concepts, definitions, and techniques related to PNF and its application in therapeutic exercises.