Questions and Answers
La densidad del madera se mide en unidad de kg/m².
False
La madera con una alta durabilidad es más propensa a la descomposición.
False
El contenido de humedad óptimo para trabajar la madera es del 20-30%.
False
La madera con un alto contenido de humedad es más resistente a la descomposición.
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La trabazón de la madera se refiere a su facilidad de corte y moldeo.
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La madera con una alta densidad es más fácil de trabajar.
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La resistencia a la compresión es un tipo de resistencia que se mide en unidades de estrés.
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La madera con una alta resistencia es más propensa a la fisuración.
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La dirección del grano de la madera no afecta su resistencia.
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La presencia de nudos en la madera puede afectar su resistencia.
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Study Notes
Density of Wood
- Measured in kg/m³ or lb/ft³
- Average density of dry wood: 0.5-0.8 g/cm³
- Density affects:
- Strength and stiffness
- Weight and buoyancy
- Insulation and thermal conductivity
- Acoustic properties
Durability of Wood
- Resistance to decay and insect damage
- Factors affecting durability:
- Moisture content
- Heartwood vs. sapwood
- Insect and fungal resistance
- Chemical treatments
- Durability classification:
- Perishable (e.g., aspen, basswood)
- Moderately durable (e.g., oak, maple)
- Durable (e.g., cedar, cypress)
- Very durable (e.g., ipe, ebony)
Moisture Content of Wood
- Measured in percentage of water weight vs. wood weight
- Optimal moisture content for working: 6-12%
- Effects of high moisture content:
- Warping and shrinking
- Decay and fungal growth
- Reduced strength and durability
- Effects of low moisture content:
- Cracking and checking
- Increased brittleness
Workability of Wood
- Ease of cutting, shaping, and finishing
- Factors affecting workability:
- Grain pattern and direction
- Density and hardness
- Moisture content
- Presence of knots and defects
- Workability classification:
- Easy to work (e.g., pine, fir)
- Moderate to work (e.g., oak, maple)
- Difficult to work (e.g., hickory, ebony)
Strength of Wood
- Measured in units of stress (e.g., psi, MPa)
- Types of strength:
- Compressive strength (resistance to crushing)
- Tensile strength (resistance to stretching)
- Shear strength (resistance to sideways force)
- Bending strength (resistance to flexure)
- Factors affecting strength:
- Density and moisture content
- Grain direction and pattern
- Presence of knots and defects
- Species and type of wood
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