Propiedades del Madera: Densidad, Durabilidad, Contenido de Humedad y Resistencia

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Questions and Answers

La densidad del madera se mide en unidad de kg/m².

False (B)

La madera con una alta durabilidad es más propensa a la descomposición.

False (B)

El contenido de humedad óptimo para trabajar la madera es del 20-30%.

False (B)

La madera con un alto contenido de humedad es más resistente a la descomposición.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La trabazón de la madera se refiere a su facilidad de corte y moldeo.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La madera con una alta densidad es más fácil de trabajar.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La resistencia a la compresión es un tipo de resistencia que se mide en unidades de estrés.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La madera con una alta resistencia es más propensa a la fisuración.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La dirección del grano de la madera no afecta su resistencia.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

La presencia de nudos en la madera puede afectar su resistencia.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Density of Wood

  • Measured in kg/m³ or lb/ft³
  • Average density of dry wood: 0.5-0.8 g/cm³
  • Density affects:
    • Strength and stiffness
    • Weight and buoyancy
    • Insulation and thermal conductivity
    • Acoustic properties

Durability of Wood

  • Resistance to decay and insect damage
  • Factors affecting durability:
    • Moisture content
    • Heartwood vs. sapwood
    • Insect and fungal resistance
    • Chemical treatments
  • Durability classification:
    • Perishable (e.g., aspen, basswood)
    • Moderately durable (e.g., oak, maple)
    • Durable (e.g., cedar, cypress)
    • Very durable (e.g., ipe, ebony)

Moisture Content of Wood

  • Measured in percentage of water weight vs. wood weight
  • Optimal moisture content for working: 6-12%
  • Effects of high moisture content:
    • Warping and shrinking
    • Decay and fungal growth
    • Reduced strength and durability
  • Effects of low moisture content:
    • Cracking and checking
    • Increased brittleness

Workability of Wood

  • Ease of cutting, shaping, and finishing
  • Factors affecting workability:
    • Grain pattern and direction
    • Density and hardness
    • Moisture content
    • Presence of knots and defects
  • Workability classification:
    • Easy to work (e.g., pine, fir)
    • Moderate to work (e.g., oak, maple)
    • Difficult to work (e.g., hickory, ebony)

Strength of Wood

  • Measured in units of stress (e.g., psi, MPa)
  • Types of strength:
    • Compressive strength (resistance to crushing)
    • Tensile strength (resistance to stretching)
    • Shear strength (resistance to sideways force)
    • Bending strength (resistance to flexure)
  • Factors affecting strength:
    • Density and moisture content
    • Grain direction and pattern
    • Presence of knots and defects
    • Species and type of wood

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