Properties of Water

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What is the primary reason why water molecules at the surface crowd together, producing a strong layer?

Due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with air molecules

Due to the attraction of air molecules to water molecules

As a result of the strong attraction of water molecules to each other (correct)

Because of the low specific heat of water

What is the term used to describe the total amount of kinetic energy in a sample of a substance?

Specific heat

Heat (correct)

Kinetic energy

Temperature

What is the primary reason why a large body of water can act as a heat sink?

Because of the low temperature of water

Due to the high specific heat of water (correct)

As a result of the formation of hydrogen bonds among water molecules

Due to the high heat capacity of water molecules

What happens to the hydrogen bonds among water molecules when liquid water changes to ice?

They are formed Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the energy added to the system being used to break hydrogen bonds among water molecules?

Only a portion of the heat energy is available to speed the movement of the water molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree Celsius?

Specific heat Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds hold alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets together in the secondary structure of a protein?

Hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

What determines the amino acid sequence of a protein?

DNA sequence of a gene Signup and view all the answers

What type of interactions occur between polar R groups in the tertiary structure of a protein?

Hydrophilic interactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the three-dimensional folding of one polypeptide chain?

Tertiary structure Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds are formed between R groups containing sulfur in the tertiary structure of a protein?

Disulfide bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the structure formed by the association of multiple polypeptide chains?

Quaternary structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reaction between a glucose monomer and a fructose monomer?

Formation of a glycosidic bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for a hexose?

C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the energy stored in the chemical bonds of monosaccharides?

To be used in cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of breaking down a polysaccharide into its constituent monosaccharides?

Hydrolysis reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a monosaccharide with a carbonyl group at the terminal carbon atom?

Aldose Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the OH group attached to each carbon atom in a monosaccharide?

Hydrophilic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA in the cell?

To store the genetic information that programs all cell activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of RNA in the synthesis of proteins coded for by DNA?

To carry the encoded genetic message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the insulin gene?

To contain the information the cell needs to synthesize insulin protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell?

To carry the encoded genetic message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is required to make the protein hemoglobin?

Two genes, alpha globin and beta globin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in a cell?

To release energy for energy-requiring reactions Signup and view all the answers

Properties of Water

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why water molecules at the surface crowd together, producing a strong layer?

What is the term used to describe the total amount of kinetic energy in a sample of a substance?

What is the primary reason why a large body of water can act as a heat sink?

What happens to the hydrogen bonds among water molecules when liquid water changes to ice?

What is the result of the energy added to the system being used to break hydrogen bonds among water molecules?

What is the term used to describe the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for one gram of a substance to change its temperature by one degree Celsius?

What type of bonds hold alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets together in the secondary structure of a protein?

What determines the amino acid sequence of a protein?

What type of interactions occur between polar R groups in the tertiary structure of a protein?

What is the term for the three-dimensional folding of one polypeptide chain?

What type of bonds are formed between R groups containing sulfur in the tertiary structure of a protein?

What is the term for the structure formed by the association of multiple polypeptide chains?

What is the result of the reaction between a glucose monomer and a fructose monomer?

What is the general formula for a hexose?

What is the function of the energy stored in the chemical bonds of monosaccharides?

What is the term for the process of breaking down a polysaccharide into its constituent monosaccharides?

What is the term for a monosaccharide with a carbonyl group at the terminal carbon atom?

What is the function of the OH group attached to each carbon atom in a monosaccharide?

What is the primary function of DNA in the cell?

What is the role of RNA in the synthesis of proteins coded for by DNA?

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

What is the purpose of the insulin gene?

What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell?

What is required to make the protein hemoglobin?

What is the primary function of ATP in a cell?

What is the specific sequence of nucleotides that determines the genetic code?

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

What is the function of phosphodiester linkages in nucleic acids?

What is the term for the 'building blocks' of nucleic acids?

What is the role of the nitrogenous base in a nucleotide?

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