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Questions and Answers
What is the typical size range of particles in a suspension?
0.1 to 10 mm in diameter
What happens to particles in a suspension over time?
They settle to the bottom of the container due to gravity.
How can a suspension be separated into its component parts?
Through filtration or decantation.
What is the main difference between a mixture and a pure substance?
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What is an example of a mixture, and what are its component parts?
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What is a characteristic of a pure substance?
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Study Notes
Mixtures
Properties of Suspensions
- Heterogeneous mixture: A suspension is a type of mixture where the particles are not uniformly distributed and can be seen with the naked eye.
- Particle size: The particles in a suspension are typically larger than those in a solution, ranging from 0.1 to 10 mm in diameter.
- Settling: Particles in a suspension will settle to the bottom of the container over time due to gravity.
- Decantation: The clear liquid above the settled particles can be poured off, leaving the particles behind.
- Filtration: Suspensions can be filtered to separate the particles from the liquid.
- Examples: Mud, sand in water, and blood are all examples of suspensions.
Mixtures vs Pure Substances
- Mixtures: A physical combination of two or more substances, where each substance maintains its chemical properties.
- Pure Substances: A substance that has a fixed composition and properties, such as elements and compounds.
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Key differences:
- Mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as filtration or decantation.
- Pure substances cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
- The composition of a mixture can vary, while the composition of a pure substance is always fixed.
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Examples:
- Air is a mixture of gases, including oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide.
- Water is a pure substance, composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a specific ratio.
- Saltwater is a mixture of salt and water, while salt is a pure substance.
Mixtures
Properties of Suspensions
- Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures with visible particles.
- Particles in suspensions range from 0.1 to 10 mm in diameter.
- Suspensions settle over time due to gravity, with particles collecting at the bottom of the container.
- Decantation involves pouring off the clear liquid above the settled particles.
- Filtration can separate particles from the liquid in suspensions.
- Examples of suspensions include mud, sand in water, and blood.
Mixtures vs Pure Substances
- Mixtures are physical combinations of two or more substances, each maintaining their chemical properties.
- Pure substances have fixed compositions and properties, like elements and compounds.
- Mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as filtration or decantation.
- Pure substances cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
- The composition of a mixture can vary, but pure substances have a fixed composition.
- Examples of mixtures include air (a mixture of gases) and saltwater (a mixture of salt and water).
- Examples of pure substances include water (composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a specific ratio) and salt (a pure substance with a fixed composition).
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Description
Learn about the characteristics of suspensions, a type of heterogeneous mixture, including particle size, settling, and decantation.
