Properties of Real Numbers Lesson 1

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Which property allows us to multiply numbers in any order without affecting the result?

Commutativity of multiplication

If $x = 3$ and $y = 5$, what is the value of $x + y$?

18

Which property states that the order of operations does not affect the result when adding or multiplying three numbers?

Associativity

If $x = 2$, $y = 3$, and $z = 4$, what is the value of $(x + y) \times z$?

<p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of $x$ if $x \times 1 = x$?

<p>Any real number</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property allows us to justify the step of combining like terms in an algebraic expression?

<p>Commutativity of addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does commutativity state about addition of real numbers?

<p>The order of two numbers being added does not affect the result</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property justifies why variables can be treated like numbers in operations?

<p>Commutative property</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 𝑥 and 𝑦 are real numbers, what is true about 𝑥.𝑦 according to the commutative property?

<p>𝑥.𝑦 = 𝑦.𝑥</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does commutativity impact the multiplication of real numbers?

<p>The order of multiplication does not affect the result</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand properties of real numbers when solving problems or proving theorems?

<p>To justify various steps in problem-solving</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do variables act in operations according to the text?

<p><em>Variables act like numbers when involved in operations</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of real numbers justifies the equality $a + x = x + a$?

<p>Commutativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of real numbers is illustrated by the equality $3xy/y = 3xy$?

<p>Associativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of real numbers justifies the equality $5r + 3s - 5r + 3s = 0$?

<p>Inverse property</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of applying the difference of two squares identity to the expression $\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{-5}$?

<p>$\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{-5} = \sqrt{3^2 - (-5)^2}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the identity property of real numbers that states $x + 0 = x$ and $x \cdot 1 = x$?

<p>Identity property</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Properties of Real Numbers

  • Commutativity: the order of two numbers being added or multiplied does not affect the result
    • 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑦 + 𝑥
    • 𝑥 × 𝑦 = 𝑦 × 𝑥
  • Associativity: the order in which three numbers are added or multiplied does not affect the result
    • 𝑥 + (𝑦 + 𝑧) = (𝑥 + 𝑦) + 𝑧
    • 𝑥(𝑦𝑧) = (𝑥𝑦)𝑧
  • Distributivity: the combination of multiplication and addition
    • 𝑥(𝑦 + 𝑧) = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥𝑧
  • Identity Property: the addition of any number 𝑥 with 0 is simply 𝑥, and the multiplication of any number 𝑥 with 1 is likewise 𝑥
    • 𝑥 + 0 = 𝑥
    • 𝑥 × 1 = 𝑥
  • Inverse Property: for a real number 𝑥
    • 𝑥 + (−𝑥) = 0
    • 1/𝑥 × 𝑥 = 1

Introduction to Complex Numbers

  • Girolamo Cardano proposed a mathematical expression in 1545 that included the square root of a negative number
  • This idea eventually led to the study of complex numbers

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