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Questions and Answers
Which property makes aluminium suitable for use in aeroplane bodies?
Which property makes aluminium suitable for use in aeroplane bodies?
Copper is known for its reactivity and is always found in pure forms.
Copper is known for its reactivity and is always found in pure forms.
False
What is the main property of copper that makes it ideal for electrical wiring?
What is the main property of copper that makes it ideal for electrical wiring?
Very good conductor of electricity
Aluminium is used for _____ because it is a good thermal conductor.
Aluminium is used for _____ because it is a good thermal conductor.
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Match the following metals with their primary uses:
Match the following metals with their primary uses:
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Which property of aluminium makes it resistant to corrosion?
Which property of aluminium makes it resistant to corrosion?
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Food cans made from aluminium are non-toxic and resistant to acidic food stuffs.
Food cans made from aluminium are non-toxic and resistant to acidic food stuffs.
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Name one property of copper that makes it suitable for use in pots and pans.
Name one property of copper that makes it suitable for use in pots and pans.
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What is produced when zinc reacts with steam?
What is produced when zinc reacts with steam?
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Gold reacts readily with oxygen to form a metal oxide.
Gold reacts readily with oxygen to form a metal oxide.
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What is the general reaction when a metal reacts with an acid?
What is the general reaction when a metal reacts with an acid?
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When calcium reacts with water, it forms __________ and hydrogen gas.
When calcium reacts with water, it forms __________ and hydrogen gas.
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Which of the following metals does NOT react with oxygen?
Which of the following metals does NOT react with oxygen?
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Match the following reactions with their products:
Match the following reactions with their products:
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All metals react with water to produce hydrogen gas.
All metals react with water to produce hydrogen gas.
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What type of metal is known for reacting easily with oxygen?
What type of metal is known for reacting easily with oxygen?
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What is an alloy?
What is an alloy?
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Alloys are chemically combined substances.
Alloys are chemically combined substances.
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Name one use of brass.
Name one use of brass.
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Stainless steel is an alloy of iron and __________.
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron and __________.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the properties of alloys?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the properties of alloys?
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An alloy of aluminium that is stronger yet has a low density is ideal for __________ production.
An alloy of aluminium that is stronger yet has a low density is ideal for __________ production.
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Match the following alloys with their primary properties or uses:
Match the following alloys with their primary properties or uses:
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What type of structure do alloys have compared to pure metals?
What type of structure do alloys have compared to pure metals?
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What property allows metals to conduct heat and electricity?
What property allows metals to conduct heat and electricity?
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All non-metals are brittle when solid.
All non-metals are brittle when solid.
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What is the primary type of bond present in metals?
What is the primary type of bond present in metals?
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Most metals possess _____ melting and boiling points due to the strong electrostatic attraction.
Most metals possess _____ melting and boiling points due to the strong electrostatic attraction.
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Match the following metals to their properties:
Match the following metals to their properties:
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Which of the following is an exception among non-metals that can conduct electricity?
Which of the following is an exception among non-metals that can conduct electricity?
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All elements in the Periodic Table are either metals or non-metals.
All elements in the Periodic Table are either metals or non-metals.
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What happens to metallic character as you move left to right across the Periodic Table?
What happens to metallic character as you move left to right across the Periodic Table?
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Metalloids, also known as _____, exhibit both metal and non-metal properties.
Metalloids, also known as _____, exhibit both metal and non-metal properties.
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Which of these properties is not characteristic of metals?
Which of these properties is not characteristic of metals?
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Study Notes
Properties of Metals
- Metals are one of two broad types of elements found on the Periodic Table.
- Most elements are metals.
- Some elements display properties of both metals and non-metals; these are called metalloids or semimetals.
- Metals are generally good conductors of heat and electricity. This is because the electrons within a metal are delocalized and free to move.
- Metal layers can slide past each other easily. This makes metals malleable (can be hammered into different shapes) and ductile (can be drawn into wires).
- Metals typically have high melting and boiling points. This is due to the strong electrostatic attraction between positively charged metal ions and the delocalized electrons (metallic bonding).
Properties of Non-Metals
- Non-metals are the other broad type of element.
- Most non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. This is because their electrons are involved in covalent bonding. This means they are not free to move around the material.
- Non-metals are usually brittle and break easily when solid.
- Non-metals tend to have low melting and boiling points compared to metals, as the weak intermolecular forces holding the molecules together require less energy to overcome.
- Exceptions to the above exist - for example graphite, a non-metal, is a conductor of electricity.
Chemical Properties of Metals
- Metal reactivity is studied by their reaction with water, dilute acids, and oxygen.
- Based on reaction experiments, a reactivity series can be produced.
Reactions of Metals with Different Substances
- Water: Some metals react with cold water, steam, and/or warm water. The reaction products depend on whether cold water or steam was involved—a metal hydroxide and hydrogen, or a metal oxide and hydrogen.
- Acids: Most metals react with acids producing salt and hydrogen gas.
- Oxygen: Metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides; reactivity varies significantly between metals.
Uses of Metals
- Aluminium: Used in aeroplane bodies, overhead power cables, saucepans, and food cans due to its high strength-to-weight ratio, low density, and good electrical/thermal conductivity. The protective aluminium oxide layer also accounts for its resistance to corrosion (often appearing 'unreactive').
- Copper: Used in electrical wiring, pots and pans, water pipes, and hospital surfaces due to its excellent electrical conductivity, ductility, non-toxicity, and resistance to corrosion.
Alloys
- An alloy is a mixture of a metal and one or more other elements (often metals, but sometimes non-metals).
- Alloys often have enhanced properties compared to their constituent metals. For example, alloys are typically stronger, harder, and more resistant to corrosion compared with pure metals.
- The structure of an alloy typically involves a distorted arrangement of atomic layers, or different-sized atoms in the mixture. This distortion makes it harder for the layers to slide past each other and decreases the metal's ability to be deformed.
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Description
Explore the different properties of metals and non-metals in this quiz. Learn about conductivity, malleability, ductility, and the unique characteristics that distinguish these two categories of elements. Challenge your understanding of the periodic table and the behavior of elements.
