Questions and Answers
What is a physical property?
A characteristic or trait of matter that can be observed or perceived with our senses without changing its chemical composition.
Which of the following is an example of an intensive property?
What occurs during an endothermic phase change?
Ductility relates to a substance's ability to be stretched into wire.
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What is diffusion?
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Which of the following is NOT a chemical property?
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A pure substance consists of only one type of ______.
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What type of mixture can be separated by physical means?
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Match the following examples with their corresponding property type:
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Study Notes
Properties of Matter
- Physical properties are characteristics observable through senses without altering chemical composition.
- Examples include appearance, color, texture, and odor.
Types of Physical Properties
- Intensive Properties: Substance-specific traits that remain constant regardless of quantity (e.g., density, color, luster).
- Extensive Properties: Traits dependent on the amount present; change with quantity (e.g., mass, weight, volume, length).
Phase Changes of Matter
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Endothermic Processes: Require heat absorption, indicated by red arrows; examples include:
- Melting (e.g., ice cream)
- Evaporation (e.g., boiling)
- Sublimation (e.g., fire extinguisher)
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Exothermic Processes: Release heat, indicated by blue arrows; examples include:
- Freezing (e.g., ice cube)
- Condensation (e.g., cloud formation)
- Deposition (e.g., frost or snow)
Specific Physical Properties
- Ductility: Ability to stretch into wire (e.g., copper wire).
- Malleability: Ability to hammer into thin sheets (e.g., copper metal).
- Diffusion: Ability of matter to spread out (e.g., diffusion of ink).
Chemical Properties
- Indicate how a material undergoes a chemical change (e.g., flammability, toxicity, reactivity).
- Distinguish between physical reactions (e.g., melting ice candy) and chemical reactions (e.g., rusting a needle).
Pure Substances
- Consist of only one type of substance with a uniform chemical composition, cannot be separated physically.
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Types of Pure Substances:
- Elements: Composed of one type of atom (e.g., hydrogen, sodium, oxygen).
- Compounds: Formed from two or more elements in fixed ratios, held by chemical bonds (e.g., water (H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl)).
Mixtures
- Composed of multiple substances physically combined, each maintaining its properties.
- Can be separated through physical methods like filtration or evaporation.
Types of Mixtures
- Homogeneous Mixtures: Uniform composition, cannot be easily separated (e.g., solutions).
- Mixtures can vary in composition and proportions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the properties of matter, including both physical properties and phase changes. Discover the differences between intensive and extensive properties in this engaging and informative quiz.
