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Questions and Answers
What can photons of X-ray and gamma ray radiation do to matter?
What can photons of X-ray and gamma ray radiation do to matter?
- Absorb into matter
- Reflect off matter
- Ionize matter (correct)
- Pass through matter unaffected
Which type of electromagnetic radiation is considered non-ionizing?
Which type of electromagnetic radiation is considered non-ionizing?
- Ultraviolet and X-rays
- Infrared and gamma rays
- X-rays and gamma rays
- Radio, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet (correct)
What is a characteristic that distinguishes X-rays and gamma rays from other types of electromagnetic radiation?
What is a characteristic that distinguishes X-rays and gamma rays from other types of electromagnetic radiation?
- Their long wavelengths
- Their low energy levels
- Their ability to ionize matter (correct)
- Their ability to be seen by the human eye
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation have enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms?
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation have enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms?
What is true about the energy levels of X-rays and gamma rays compared to other types of electromagnetic radiation?
What is true about the energy levels of X-rays and gamma rays compared to other types of electromagnetic radiation?
What type of radiation does X-ray belong to?
What type of radiation does X-ray belong to?
What is a major concern associated with X-rays?
What is a major concern associated with X-rays?
What is the classification of X-rays based on their ionizing ability?
What is the classification of X-rays based on their ionizing ability?
What is the relationship between X-rays and electromagnetic radiation?
What is the relationship between X-rays and electromagnetic radiation?
What can be said about the application of X-rays in research?
What can be said about the application of X-rays in research?
What was Roentgen able to see on the screen during his experiment?
What was Roentgen able to see on the screen during his experiment?
What happened to the electrons as they streamed across the distance between the cathode and anode?
What happened to the electrons as they streamed across the distance between the cathode and anode?
What was the purpose of the Crookes tube in Roentgen's experiment?
What was the purpose of the Crookes tube in Roentgen's experiment?
What was unknown to scientists at the time of Roentgen's experiment?
What was unknown to scientists at the time of Roentgen's experiment?
What was Roentgen doing when he discovered X-rays?
What was Roentgen doing when he discovered X-rays?
What is the result of increasing the voltage applied to the tube?
What is the result of increasing the voltage applied to the tube?
How does the voltage applied to the tube affect the electron stream?
How does the voltage applied to the tube affect the electron stream?
What is the relationship between voltage and electron stream velocity?
What is the relationship between voltage and electron stream velocity?
What happens to the electron stream velocity when the voltage is increased?
What happens to the electron stream velocity when the voltage is increased?
How is the acceleration of the electron stream controlled?
How is the acceleration of the electron stream controlled?
What is the frequency range of Ultra Violet radiation?
What is the frequency range of Ultra Violet radiation?
What is the wavelength of Ultra Violet radiation?
What is the wavelength of Ultra Violet radiation?
What is a consequence of exposure to Ultra Violet radiation?
What is a consequence of exposure to Ultra Violet radiation?
Which of the following types of radiation has a higher frequency than Ultra Violet radiation?
Which of the following types of radiation has a higher frequency than Ultra Violet radiation?
What is the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of Ultra Violet radiation?
What is the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of Ultra Violet radiation?
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Study Notes
Electromagnetic Radiation (EM)
- X-rays are a type of EM radiation
- EM radiation can be classified into two categories:
- Ionizing: X-rays and gamma rays can ionize matter
- Non-ionizing: radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet cannot ionize matter
X-rays in Research and Health Risks
- X-rays are a valuable tool in research, but they pose health risks
- Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays through an experiment involving a Crookes tube and a screen, allowing him to see the bones in his hand
Acceleration of Electrons
- Electrons streaming across the distance between the cathode and anode accelerate to a very high velocity
- The acceleration of electrons is controlled by the voltage applied to the tube
- The higher the voltage, the greater the velocity of the electron stream
Frequency and Wavelength
- X-rays have a frequency of 1 x 10^16 Hz
- Ultraviolet radiation has a wavelength of 1 x 10^-7m and is responsible for people getting a tan or sunburn
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