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Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. (correct)

Prokaryotic cells have multiple, linear chromosomes.

Prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotic cells are generally larger.

Which of the following statements about the structure of plant cells is accurate?

Plant cells have a plasma membrane that is thicker than fungi cell walls.

Plant cells contain a rigid cell wall composed of cellulose. (correct)

Plant cells have many small vacuoles instead of a central vacuole.

Plant cells lack a cell wall.

What type of cell division occurs in eukaryotic cells?

Mitosis and meiosis. (correct)

Meiosis only.

Fragmentation.

Budding or binary fission.

Which statement regarding the cell membrane is true?

<p>The cell membrane is a thin, elastic, and living structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the organization of chromosomes in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Prokaryotic cells have a single, circular chromosome. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Prokaryotes

Cell types generally small, without a nucleus and organelles.

Eukaryotes

Cell types that are generally large, containing a nucleus and organelles.

Cell Wall

Rigid structure providing shape in plant cells, composed mainly of cellulose.

Cell Membrane

Thin, elastic membrane that covers all cells, made of lipids and proteins.

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Chromosomes in Prokaryotes

Single, circular chromosomes found in prokaryotic cells.

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Study Notes

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes:
- Generally small cells
- Lack a nucleus
- Contain a single, circular chromosome
- Lack membrane-bound organelles
- Cell division occurs by fission or budding
Eukaryotes:
- Generally large cells
- Possess a nucleus
- Contain multiple linear chromosomes
- Have membrane-bound organelles
- Cell division occurs by mitosis and meiosis

Cell Structure

Cell Wall:
- Found in plant cells
- Rigid structure
- Non-living
- Made of cellulose or chitin
- Provides shape and rigidity
- Plant cell wall is permeable
Cell Wall of Bacteria:
- Made up of peptidoglycan
Cell Membrane:
- Also known as plasma membrane
- Forms the outer covering of animal cells
- Found within the cell wall in plant cells
- Thin, elastic, living
- Double layer
- Permeable membrane
- Composed of lipids and proteins
- Major lipids are phospholipids
- Arranged in a bilayer

Nucleus:
- Contains chromatin
- Chromatin is made up of DNA and histone protein
Nucleolus:
- Present inside the nucleus

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Description

Test your knowledge on the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Explore key features such as cell size, structure, and division methods. Gain a deeper understanding of cell walls and membranes in various organisms.