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Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

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Questions and Answers

What is a distinguishing feature of prokaryotic cells?

Possession of membrane-bound organelles

Absence of cell membrane

Presence of a more simple structure (correct)

Lack of genetic material

What is a common feature of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Presence of genetic material in the form of DNA (correct)

Absence of ribosomes

Possession of a complex cell structure

Lack of cell membrane

What is the function of the plasma membrane in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Serves as the site for protein synthesis

Stores genetic material

Acts as a thin, flexible barrier that protects the cell and regulates the passage of substances (correct)

Facilitates cellular respiration

What is the role of organelles in eukaryotic cells?

To organize and compartmentalize cellular functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic material of all cells, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which organelles are present in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

Golgi apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in DNA structure between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells have DNA in a single circular chromosome, while eukaryotic cells have linear chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Provide structural support through actin, intermediate filaments, and microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in ribosome size between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells have 70S ribosomes, while eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in cell division between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells reproduce with binary fission, while eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell has a more complex cytoskeleton?

Eukaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of reproduction in prokaryotic cells?

Binary fission Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

80S Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

Peptidoglycan Signup and view all the answers

What genetic structure do prokaryotic cells have?

Operons Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Nucleotides contain genetic information for cell growth, function, and reproduction
Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have ribosomes made of ribonucleotides and protein
Cytoplasm, found in all cells, is a fluid composed of water, salts, sugars, proteins, and monomers
Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while eukaryotic cells may or may not have a cell wall
Eukaryotic cells are larger (10-100 micrometers) than prokaryotic cells (0.1-5 micrometers)
Prokaryotes are almost always single-celled, while eukaryotes can form single-celled or multicellular organisms
Eukaryotic cells have a true membrane-bound nucleus, while prokaryotes have a nucleoid region
Only eukaryotes have true membrane-bound organelles like endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
Prokaryotic cells have simpler DNA structure with a single circular chromosome and operons, while eukaryotic cells have linear chromosomes and more genes
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have different ribosome sizes (70S and 80S, respectively)
Eukaryotic cells have a more complex cytoskeleton composed of actin, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
Prokaryotes reproduce asexually through binary fission, while eukaryotes can reproduce sexually through gamete formation and fusion

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Description

Test your knowledge of cell biology with this quiz on Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes. Explore the differences between these two types of cells, including their structures and functions. Perfect for students and biology enthusiasts.